The extra kopec goes to the
fund, which is to relieve distress among widows and orphans of
soldiers and sailors killed in the war (see _Frontispiece_).

[Illustration: 193 194]

JAPAN. The rapid modern rise of our Far Eastern Ally to power is
marked upon a few interesting stamps of a commemorative character.
Japan's successful war against China (1894-95) was commemorated by an
issue of four stamps in 1896. These are of two denominations, each of
which is in two varieties, an outcome of an Eastern etiquette which at
a later date was evinced in the stamps of the Republic of China.
The Japanese stamps in question portray two heroes of the war; the
denominations were 2 sen and 5 sen, but that there should be no
suggestion of any inequality in their admiration for the two heroes,
the Japanese postal authorities had two stamps of each denomination
prepared so that each warrior figured on a 2 sen and also a 5 sen
stamp. Thus neither could be regarded as being valued higher than the
other, and neither could be said to be given greater prominence. One
of the portraits (_Figs._ 193, 194) is that of the late Marshall,
Prince Arisugawa Taruhito, chief of the staff of the Army of the
Japanese Empire, and the other (_Figs._ 195, 196) is the late
Lieutenant General Prince Kitashirakawa, Commander of the Imperial
Guards engaged in the subjugation of Formosa.

[Illustration: 195 196]

At a later date, 1901, there was a proposal to commemorate the
services of the late Lieutenant General, and a 3 sen stamp was
announced; its design was to comprise the imperial crest (the
chrysanthemum) and a Formosan Shinto Shrine. The stamps were
heralded as about to be issued in time for the festival of the Shrine
celebrated at Taipeh on October 27 and 28, 1901.

In 1905, as the outcome of Japanese military successes in the East
against China and Russia, full administrative control was taken over
Corea, and a special stamp of the value 3 sen was issued to mark the
amalgamation of the Japanese and Corean postal services.

Yet another pair of stamps commemorates somewhat ancient history; they
were issued in 1908 and bear the portrait of the Empress Jingo-K[^o]g[^o]
(_Fig._ 197), who is stated to have been Regent from 201 to 269 in
lieu of her son Ojin. She waged a victorious war against Corea. The
legend goes that the god Sumiyoshi acting as pilot for her on the sea,
caused gigantic fishes to surround the boat and keep it afloat when a
great st