ceeded the revenue of any former king.[v]
Sequestrations, compositions, sale of crown and church lands, and of the
lands of delinquents, yielded also considerable sums, but very
difficult to be estimated. Church lands are said to have been sold for
a million.[v*] None of these were ever valued at above ten or eleven
years' purchase.[v**] The estates of delinquents amounted to above two
hundred thousand pounds a year.[**] Cromwell died more than two millions
in debt;[v***] though the parliament had left him in the treasury above
five hundred thousand pounds; and in stores, the value of seven hundred
thousand pounds.[v****]

* Scobel, p. 419.

** Thurloe, vol. ii. p. 476.

*** Scobel, p. 376.

**** Thurloe, vol. vi. p. 425.

v It appears that the late king's revenue, from 1637 to the
meeting of the long parliament, was only nine hundred
thousand pounds of which two hundred thousand may be
esteemed illegal.

v* Dr Walker, p. 14.

v** Thurloe, vol. i. p. 753.

v*** Thurloe, vol. ii. p. 414.

v**** Thurloe, vol. vii. p. 667.

The committee of danger, in April, 1648, voted to raise the army to
forty thousand men.[*] The same year, the pay of the army was estimated
at eighty thousand pounds a month.[**] The establishment of the army, in
1652, was, in Scotland, fifteen thousand foot, two thousand five hundred
and eighty horse, five hundred and sixty dragoons; in England, four
thousand seven hundred foot, two thousand five hundred and twenty horse,
garrisons six thousand one hundred and fifty-four. In all, thirty one
thousand five hundred and fourteen, besides officers.[***] The army in
Scotland was afterwards considerably reduced. The army in Ireland was
not much short of twenty thousand men; so that, upon the whole, the
commonwealth maintained, in 1652, a standing army of more than
fifty thousand men. Its pay amounted to a yearly sum of one million
forty-seven thousand seven hundred and fifteen pounds.[****] Afterwards
the protector reduced the establishment to thirty thousand men; as
appears by the "instrument of government and humble petition and
advice." His frequent enterprises obliged him from time to time to
augment them. Richard had on foot in England an army of thirteen
thousand two hundred and fifty-eight men, in Scotland nine thousand five
hundred and six, in Ireland about ten thousand men.[v] The foot soldiers
had commonly a shilling a day.[v*