f each!

[119] And with this conclusion the later scholars agree. Burnouf, Lassen,
Spiegel, Westergaard, Haug, Bunsen, Max Mueller, Roth, all accept the Zend
Avesta as containing in the main, if not the actual words of Zoroaster,
yet authentic reminiscences of his teaching. The Gathas of the Yacna are
now considered to be the oldest part of the Avesta, as appears from the
investigations of Haug and others. (See Dr. Martin Haug's translation and
commentary of the Five Gathas of Zarathustra. Leipzig, 1860.)

[120] Even good scholars often follow each other in a false direction for
want of a little independent thinking. The Greek of Plato was translated
by a long succession of writers, "Zoroaster the _son_ of Oromazes," until
some one happened to think that this genitive might imply a different
relation.

[121] Duncker (Gesch. des Alterthums, B. II.) gives at length the reasons
which prove Zoroaster and the Avesta to have originated in Bactria.

[122] Duncker (B. II. s. 483). So Doellinger.

[123] Egypt's Place in Universal History, Vol. III. p. 471.

[124] Eran, das Land zwischen dem Indus und Tigris.

[125] Journal of the Am. Or. Soc., Vol. V. No. 2, p. 353.

[126] The Gentile and Jew, Vol. I. p. 380.

[127] Five Great Monarchies, Vol. III. p. 94.

[128] Essays, &c., by Martin Haug, p. 255.

[129] Die Religion und Sitte der Perser. Von Dr. Adolf Rapp. (1865.)

[130] Bunsen, Egypt, Vol. III. p. 455.

[131] Written in the thirteenth century after Christ. An English
translation may be found in Dr. J. Wilson's "Parsi Religion."

[132] Chips, Vol. I. p. 88.

[133] So Mr. Emerson, in one of those observations which give us a system
of philosophy in a sentence, says, "The soul knows no persons." Perhaps he
should have said, "The Spirit."

[134] Islam is, in this sense, a moral religion, its root consisting in
obedience to Allah and his prophet. Sufism, a Mohammedan mysticism, is a
heresy.

[135] Vendidad, Farg. I. 3. "Therefore Angra-Mainyus, the death-dealing,
created a mighty serpent and snow." The _serpent_ entering into the Iranic
Eden is one of the curious coincidences of the Iranic and Hebrew
traditions.

[136] Lyell, Principles of Geology (eighth edition), p. 77.

[137] Idem., p. 83. A similar change from a temperate climate to extreme
cold has taken place in Greenland within five or six centuries.

[138] The Daevas, or evil spirits of the Zend books, are the same as the
Devas, or Gods of the Sans