inged into the mouth of
the patient.

3. _Nares aridi._ Dry nostrils with the mucus hardening upon their internal
surface, so as to cover them with a kind of skin or scale, owing to the
increased action of the absorbents of this membrane; or to the too great
dryness of the air, which passes into the lungs; or too great heat of it in
its expiration.

When air is so dry as to lose its transparency; as when a tremulous motion
of it can be seen over corn fields in a hot summer's day; or when a dry
mist, or want of transparency of the air, is visible in very hot weather;
the sense of smell is at the same time imperfect from the dryness of the
membrane, beneath which it is spread.

4. _Expectoratio solida._ Solid expectoration. The mucus of the lungs
becomes hardened by the increased absorption, so that it adheres and forms
a kind of lining in the air-cells, and is sometimes spit up in the form of
branching vessels, which are called polypi of the lungs. See Transact. of
the College, London. There is a rattling or weezing of the breath, but it
is not at first attended with inflammation.

The Cynanche trachealis, or Croup, of Dr. Cullen, or Angina polyposa of
Michaelis, if they differ from the peripneumony of infants, seem to belong
to this genus. When the difficulty of respiration is great, venesection is
immediately necessary, and then an emetic, and a blister. And the child
should be kept nearly upright in bed as much as may be. See Tonsillitis,
Class II. 1. 3. 3.

M. M. Diluents, emetics, essence of antimony, foetid gums, onions, warm
bath for half an hour every day for a month. Inhaling the steam of water,
with or without volatile alcali. Soap.

5. _Constipatio alvi._ Costiveness from increased action of the intestinal
absorbents. The feces are hardened in lumps called scybala; which are
sometimes obliged to be extracted from the rectum with a kind of marrow
spoon. This is said to have happened from the patient having taken much
rust of iron. The mucus is also hardened so as to line the intestines, and
to come away in skins, rolled up as they pass along, so as to resemble
worms, for which they are frequently mistaken; and sometimes it is
evacuated in still larger pieces, so as to counterfeit the form of the
intestines, and has been mistaken for a portion of them. Balls of this
kind, nearly as heavy as marble, and considerably hard, from two inches to
five in diameter, are frequently found in the bowels of horses. Sim