a cold spring after a
day's harvest work; of whom two died on the spot, a third on the next
morning, and the other survived with difficulty. Hence it would appear,
that those, who have to travel in intensely cold weather, will sooner
perish, who have previously heated themselves much with drams, than those
who have only the stimulus of natural food; of which I have heard one well
attested instance. See Article VII. 2. 3. Class III. 2. 1. 17.

_Frigus chronicum._ Permanent coldness. Coldness of the extremities,
without fever, with dry pale skin, is a symptom of general debility, owing
to the decreased action of the arterial system, and of the capillary
vessels; whence the perspirable matter is secreted in less quantity, and in
consequence the skin is less warm. This coldness is observable at the
extremities of the limbs, ears, and nose, more than in any other parts: as
a larger surface is here exposed to the contact of the air, or clothes, and
thence the heat is more hastily carried away.

The pain, which accompanies the coldness of the skin, is owing to the
deficient exertion of the subcutaneous vessels, and probably to the
accumulation of sensorial power in the extremities of their nerves. See
Sect. XII. 5. 3. XIV. 6. XXXII. 3. and Class I. 2. 4. 1.

M. M. A blister. Incitantia, nutrientia, sorbentia. Exercise. Clothes.
Fire. Joy. Anger.

2. _Pallor fugitivus._ The fugitive paleness, which accompanies the
coldness of the extremities, is owing to a less quantity of blood passing
through the capillaries of the skin in a given time; where the absorbent
power of the veins is at the same time much diminished, a part of the blood
lingers at their junction with the capillary arteries, and a bluish tinge
is mixed with the paleness; as is seen in the loose skin under the
eye-lids, and is always a mark of temporary debility. See Class II. 1. 4.
4. Where the paleness of the skin is owing to the deficiency of red
globules in the blood, it is joined with a yellowish tinge; which is the
colour of the serum, with which the blood then abounds, as in chlorosis,
and in torpor or paralysis of the liver, and is often mistaken for a
superabundance of bile.

A permanent paleness of the skin is owing to the coalescence of the minute
arteries, as in old age. See Class I. 2. 2. 9. There is another source of
paleness from the increased absorption of the terminations of the veins, as
when vinegar is applied to the lips. See Sect. XXVII. 1. a