the mounds that are still to be seen there.
Somewhere about the thirteenth or fourteenth century they were gradually
pushed southward into the Muskoki region by repeated attacks from the
Lenape and Hurons. The Cherokees were probably also the builders of the
mounds of eastern Tennessee and western North Carolina. They retained
their mound-building habits some time after the white men came upon the
scene. On the other hand the mounds and box-shaped stone graves of
Kentucky, Tennessee, and northern Georgia were probably the work of
Shawnees, and the stone graves in the Delaware valley are to be ascribed
to the Lenape. There are many reasons for believing that the mounds of
northern Mississippi were constructed by Chickasaws, and the burial
tumuli and "effigy mounds" of Wisconsin by Winnebagos. The Minnitarees
and Mandans were also very likely at one time a mound-building people.

[Footnote 157: _Work in Mound Exploration of the Bureau of
Ethnology_, Washington, 1887. For a sight of the thousands of
objects gathered from the mounds, one should visit the Peabody
Museum at Cambridge and the Smithsonian Institution at
Washington.]

[Footnote 158: Heckewelder, _History of the Indian Nations of
Pennsylvania_, etc., Philadelphia, 1818; cf. Squier,
_Historical and Mythological Traditions of the Algonquins_, a
paper read before the New York Historical Society in June,
1848; also Brinton, _The Lenape and their Legends_,
Philadelphia, 1885.]

[Footnote 159: For a detailed account of their later history,
see C. C. Royce, "The Cherokee Nation," _Reports of Bureau of
Ethnology_, v. 121-378.]

If this view, which is steadily gaining ground, be correct, our
imaginary race of "Mound-Builders" is broken up and vanishes, and
henceforth we may content ourselves with speaking of the authors of the
ancient earthworks as "Indians." There were times in the career of
sundry Indian tribes when circumstances induced them to erect mounds as
sites for communal houses or council houses, medicine-lodges or
burial-places; somewhat as there was a period in the history of our own
forefathers in England when circumstances led them to build moated
castles, with drawbridge and portcullis; and there is no more occasion
for assuming a mysterious race of "Mound-Builders" in America than for
assuming a mysterious race of "Castle-Buil