unds belonging to Indians is
$678,564,253, or $2,554 per capita, or about $10,000 per
family. The Negroes, but lately emancipated, are by contrast
poor and are struggling to rise.

The Indians are carefully looked after by the United States
Government. In addition to the elaborately organized Indian
Bureau at Washington, there are six thousand (6,000) persons
in the Indian field service, to especially look after and
supervise them. There is one director, supervisor, or
teacher for each 44 Indians.

Some of the things that the Government does for the Indians
are:

(1) Look after the health of the Indians; for this purpose
there are in the field one Medical Supervisor, 100 regular
and 60 contract physicians, 54 nurses, and 88 field matrons.

(2) Supervise their farming and stock raising. For the
24,489 Indians engaged in farming there are two general
supervisors, 48 expert farmers, that is, men with experience
and scientific knowledge, and 210 men in subordinate farming
positions.

Over $7,000,000 have been spent in irrigating lands for
Indians. Congress in 1911 appropriated $1,300,000 for this
purpose. For the 890,000 Negro farmers in the South, the
United States Government maintains 34 Agricultural
Demonstration Agents.

For the supervision of the 44,985 Indians engaged in stock
raising, the Government maintains 22 superintendents of live
stock. For the 700,000 Negro farmers engaged in live stock
raising there is only one Government expert working
especially among them.

(3) A system of schools is maintained by the Government for
Indian children. For this purpose there are 223 day schools,
79 reservation boarding schools, and 35 boarding schools
away from reservations. In these schools in 1911 there were
24,500 pupils. For the support of these schools the United
States Government for 1912 appropriated $3,757,495. To
assist in teaching the 1,700,000 Negro children in the South
there was received in 1911 from the United States Government
$245,518.

In general the Indians are not taxed for any purpose. On the
other hand, the Negroes are taxed the same as other persons
and in this way contribute a considerable amount for their
own education and the education of the whites. In this
connection, I call