y work on either
side, the Germans giving the village of Paissy (Aisne) a taste of the
"Jack Johnsons." The spot thus honored is not far from the ridge where
there has been some of the most severe close fighting in which we have
taken part. All over this No Man's Land, between the lines, bodies of
German infantrymen were still lying in heaps where they had fallen at
different times.

Espionage plays so large a part in the conduct of the war by the Germans
that it is difficult to avoid further reference to the subject. They
have evidently never forgotten the saying of Frederick the Great: "When
Marshall Soubise goes to war he is followed by a hundred cooks. When I
take the field I am preceded by a hundred spies." Indeed until about
twenty years ago there was a paragraph in their field service
regulations directing that the service of protection in the field, such
as outposts and advance guards, should always be supplemented by a
system of espionage. Although such instructions are no longer made
public the Germans, as is well known, still carry them into effect.

Apart from the more elaborate arrangements which were made in peace time
for obtaining information by paid agents some of the methods which are
being employed for the collection or conveyance of intelligence are as
follows:

Men in plain clothes signal the German lines from points in the hands of
the enemy by means of colored lights at nights and puffs of smoke from
chimneys in the day time. Pseudo laborers working in the fields between
the armies have been detected conveying information. Persons in plain
clothes have acted as advanced scouts to the German cavalry when
advancing.

German officers or soldiers in plain clothes or French or British
uniforms have remained in localities evacuated by the Germans in order
to furnish them with intelligence. One spy of this kind was found by our
troops hidden in a church tower. His presence was only discovered
through the erratic movements of the hands of the church clock, which he
was using to signal his friends by an improvised semaphore code. Had
this man not been seized it is probable he would have signalled the time
of arrival and the exact position of the headquarters staff of the force
and a high explosive shell would then have mysteriously dropped on the
building.

Women spies have also been caught. Secret agents have been found at rail
heads observing entrainments and detrainments. It is a simple matter for