me is very dark, though it is true these sentences
are mostly verses, which are, of course, more difficult to understand
than mere prose.'

'Are your Chinese studies,' said I, 'confined to crockery literature?'

'Entirely,' said the old man; 'I read nothing else.'

'I have heard,' said I, 'that the Chinese have no letters, but that for
every word they have a separate character--is it so?'

'For every word they have a particular character,' said the old man;
'though, to prevent confusion, they have arranged their words under two
hundred and fourteen what we should call radicals, but which they call
keys. As we arrange all our words in a dictionary under twenty-four
letters, so do they arrange all their words, or characters, under two
hundred and fourteen radical signs; the simplest radicals being the first
and the more complex the last.'

'Does the Chinese resemble any of the European languages in words?' said
I.

'I am scarcely competent to inform you,' said the old man; 'but I believe
not.'

'What does that character represent?' said I, pointing to one on the
vase.

'A knife,' said the old man; 'that character is one of the simplest
radicals or keys.'

'And what is the sound of it?' said I.

'Tau,' said the old man.

'Tau!' said I--'tau!'

'A strange word for a knife! is it not?' said the old man.

'Tawse!' said I--'tawse!'

'What is tawse?' said the old man.

'You were never at school at Edinburgh, I suppose?'

'Never,' said the old man.

'That accounts for your not knowing the meaning of tawse,' said I; 'had
you received the rudiments of a classical education at the High School,
you would have known the meaning of tawse full well. It is a leathern
thong, with which refractory urchins are recalled to a sense of their
duty by the dominie. Tau--tawse--how singular!'

'I cannot see what the two words have in common, except a slight
agreement in sound.'

'You will see the connection,' said I, 'when I inform you that the thong,
from the middle to the bottom, is cut or slit into two or three parts,
from which slits or cuts, unless I am very much mistaken, it derives its
name--tawse, a thong with slits or cuts, used for chastising disorderly
urchins at the High School, from the French tailler, to cut; evidently
connected with the Chinese tau, a knife--how very extraordinary!'

CHAPTER XXXIII

CONVALESCENCE--THE SURGEON'S BILL--LETTER OF RECOMMENDATION--COMMENCEMENT
OF THE OLD MAN'S HIS