ing signified to be present
simultaneously in time with the signification of the expression used;
otherwise, if the thing signified had to be awaited for afterwards, a
verb of the future tense would be employed, and not one of the
present tense, so that we should not say, "This is My body," but
"This will be My body." But the signification of this speech is
complete directly those words are spoken. And therefore the thing
signified must be present instantaneously, and such is the effect of
this sacrament; otherwise it would not be a true speech. Moreover,
this opinion is against the rite of the Church, which forthwith
adores the body of Christ after the words are uttered.

Hence it must be said that the first form does not await the second
in its action, but has its effect on the instant.

Reply Obj. 1: It is on this account that they who maintained the
above opinion seem to have erred. Hence it must be understood that
directly the consecration of the bread is complete, the body of
Christ is indeed present by the power of the sacrament, and the blood
by real concomitance; but afterwards by the consecration of the wine,
conversely, the blood of Christ is there by the power of the
sacrament, and the body by real concomitance, so that the entire
Christ is under either species, as stated above (Q. 76, A. 2).

Reply Obj. 2: This sacrament is one in perfection, as stated above
(Q. 73, A. 2), namely, inasmuch as it is made up of two things, that
is, of food and drink, each of which of itself has its own
perfection; but the three immersions of Baptism are ordained to one
simple effect, and therefore there is no resemblance.

Reply Obj. 3: The various words in the form for consecrating the
bread constitute the truth of one speech, but the words of the
different forms do not, and consequently there is no parallel.
_______________________

QUESTION 79

OF THE EFFECTS OF THIS SACRAMENT
(In Eight Articles)

We must now consider the effects of this sacrament, and under this
head there are eight points of inquiry:

(1) Whether this sacrament bestows grace?

(2) Whether the attaining of glory is an effect of this sacrament?

(3) Whether the forgiveness of mortal sin is an effect of this
sacrament?

(4) Whether venial sin is forgiven by this sacrament?

(5) Whether the entire punishment due for sin is forgiven by this
sacrament?

(6) Whether this sacrament preserves man from future sins?

(7) Whether this sacrament b