. Carlisle of Washington, D. C., either as
volunteer counsel or employed by Drayton's friends, he being poor.
There were 115--41 for larceny, 64 for transportation--indictments
against Drayton, which led Mr. Mann to remark of the threatened
penalty: "_Methuselah himself must have been caught young in order
to survive such a sentence_."--_Slavery, Letters, etc._ (Mann), p.
93.

President Fillmore, being defeated in 1852 for nomination for
President, pardoned Drayton after four years' and four months'
imprisonment, which pardon, it was claimed, defeated Scott, the
Whig nominee, at the polls.--_Memoir of Drayton_, p. 118.

(122) Correspondence in War Department between Davis and Quartermaster-
General Meigs.

The present nondescript hood, giving the statue crowning the dome
its appearance, in some views, of a wild Indian, was substituted
for the Liberty cap.

XXVIII
SLAVERY PROHIBITED IN THE TERRITORIES--1862

Growing out of the abolition of slavery in the District of Columbia,
the question was raised by Lovejoy of Illinois and others as to
the duty of Congress to declare freedom _national_ and slavery
_sectional;_ and also to prohibit slavery in all the Territories
of the Union.

A bill was passed, which (June 19, 1862) was approved by the
President, and became the last general law of Congress on the
subject of slavery in the Territories. It reads:

"That from and after the passage of this act there shall be neither
slavery nor involuntary servitude in any of the Territories of the
United States, now existing, or which may at any time hereafter be
formed or acquired by the United States, otherwise than in punishment
of crimes whereof the party shall have been duly convicted."

By this act the principles of the Ordinance of 1787 (sixth section)
were applied universally to all existing and to be acquired territory
of the United States.

It was only, in effect, Jefferson's Ordinance of 1784, defeated by
_one_ vote in the old Congress, the loss of which he deplored so
much. His benign purpose to restrict slavery was delayed seventy-
eight years--until blood flowed to sanction it.

XXIX
BENTON'S SUMMARY

We close this already too long history of human slavery in the
United States with Thomas H. Benton's summary of the "cardinal
points" in the aggressive policy of the impetuous South in pushing
forward slavery as a cause for disunion. He wrote, four years
anterior to the Rebellion of 1861, with a proph