e old woman who nursed him in
childhood, and whom he called 'Mammy' until he returned from college,
. . . and whom he wishes to take with him . . . into one of these
new Territories, . . . why, in the name of God, should anybody
prevent it?"

Mr. Wade responded:

"The Senator entirely mistakes our position. We have not the least
objection, and would oppose no obstacle to the Senator's migrating
to Kansas and taking his old 'Mammy' along with im. We only insist
that he shall not be empowered to _sell_ her after taking her
there."

Mr. Chase moved to amend the bill by adding the words:

"Under which the people of the Territories, through their appropriate
representatives, may, if they see fit, prohibit the existence of
slavery therein."

This amendment failed, but it served to test the good faith of
those who supported the squatter sovereignty feature of the bill.

After a long struggle the bill passed, and was approved by the
President in May, 1854.

(79) Area of original thirteen States, 354,504 square miles.

(80) "Congress shall have power to dispose of and make all needful
rules and regulations respecting the territory or other property
belonging to the United States," etc.--Art. IV., Sec. 3, Con. U. S.

(81) _Three Decades of Fed. Leg._ (Cox), p. 49.

(82) _Rise and Fall Con. Government_ (Davis), vol. i., p. 28.

(83) Schucker's _Life of Chase_, p. 140.

XVIII
KANSAS' STRUGGLE FOR FREEDOM

The storm that arose over the Nebraska Act was ominous of the
future. Public meetings in New York and other great cities of the
North were held, where it and slavery were denounced. The clergyman
from the pulpit, the orator from the rostrum, and the great press
of the North vehemently denounced the measure. Anti-slavery
movements appeared everywhere.

And as Kansas was thrown open to settlement, with Missouri slaveholders
already moved and organized to move in and take possession of and
dedicate it to slavery under the new doctrine of Popular Sovereignty,
emigration at once commenced from the North, encouraged and promoted
by aid societies.

Douglas, in the next Congress (March, 1856), as Chairman of the
Committee on Territories, made a report on Kansas affairs, condemning
the action of the free State people and of the aid societies,
referring especially to an imaginary "Emigration Aid Company" of
Massachusetts, with a capital of $5,000,000, and in consequence
holding their existence justified the