this time Haydn had written thirty symphonies,
a large number of trios, quartets, and several vocal pieces. His
connection with the Prince lasted until 1790, and was only terminated by
the latter's death. But during this period of twenty-eight years his
musical activity was unceasing; and as he had an orchestra of his own,
and his patron was ardently devoted to music, the incentive to
composition was never lacking. Anton succeeded Nicolaus, and was generous
enough to increase Haydn's pension; but he dismissed the entire chapel,
and the composer took up his abode in Vienna. He was hardly established
before he received a flattering proposition from Salomon, the manager, to
go to England. He had already had many pressing invitations from others,
but could not accept them, owing to his engagement at Esterhazy. Now that
he was free, he decided to make the journey. On New Year's Day, 1791, he
arrived in London. Success greeted him at once. He became universally
popular. Musicians and musical societies paid him devoted attention. He
gave a series of symphony concerts which aroused the greatest enthusiasm.
He was treated with distinguished courtesy by the royal family. Oxford
gave him the honorary degree of Doctor of Music. The nobility entertained
him sumptuously. After a year of continuous fetes, he returned to
Germany, where he remained two years, during a portion of which time
Beethoven was his pupil. In 1794 he made his second journey to England,
where his former successes were repeated, and fresh honors were showered
upon him. In 1804 he was notified by Prince Esterhazy that he was about
to reorganize his chapel, and wished him for its conductor again. Haydn
accordingly returned to his old position, where he remained during the
rest of his life. He was already an old man, but it was during this
period that his most remarkable works were produced, among them the
Austrian National Hymn ("Gott erhalte Franz den Kaiser"), the "Seven
Words," the "Creation," the "Seasons," and many of his best trios and
quartets. He died May 31, 1809, a few days after the occupation of Vienna
by the French, and among the mourners at his funeral were many French
officers. Funeral services were held in all the principal European
cities. Honored and respected all over Europe, he was most deeply loved
by his own countrymen, who still affectionately speak of him as "Papa"
Haydn.

The Creation.

Haydn was sixty