ne of his members. In a short time his medical
attendants expressed the danger and questionability of saving his other
limb, and consulted him. In the calmest way the heroic General
instructed them to amputate it, again remaining unmoved throughout the
operation.

Crompton records a case in which during an amputation of the leg not a
sound escaped from the patient's lips, and in three weeks, when it was
found necessary to amputate the other leg, the patient endured the
operation without an anesthetic, making no show of pain, and only
remarking that he thought the saw did not cut well. Crompton quotes
another case, in which the patient held a candle with one hand while
the operator amputated his other arm at the shoulder-joint. Several
instances of self-performed major operations are mentioned in Chapter
XIV.

Supersensitiveness to Pain.--Quite opposite to the foregoing instances
are those cases in which such influences as expectation, naturally
inherited nervousness, and genuine supersensitiveness make the
slightest pain almost unendurable. In many of these instances the state
of the mind and occasionally the time of day have a marked influence.
Men noted for their sagacity and courage have been prostrated by fear
of pain. Sir Robert Peel, a man of acknowledged superior physical and
intellectual power, could not even bear the touch of Brodie's finger to
his fractured clavicle. The authors know of an instance of a pugilist
who had elicited admiration by his ability to stand punishment and his
indomitable courage in his combats, but who fainted from the puncture
of a small boil on his neck.

The relation of pain to shock has been noticed by many writers. Before
the days of anesthesia, such cases as the following, reported by Sir
Astley Cooper, seem to have been not unusual: A brewer's servant, a man
of middle age and robust frame, suffered much agony for several days
from a thecal abscess, occasioned by a splinter of wood beneath the
thumb. A few seconds after the matter was discharged by an incision,
the man raised himself by a convulsive effort from his bed and
instantly expired.

It is a well-known fact that powerful nerve-irritation, such as
produces shock, is painless, and this accounts for the fact that wounds
received during battle are not painful.

Leyden of Berlin showed to his class at the Charite Hospital a number
of hysteric women with a morbid desire for operation without an
anesthetic. Such persons d