e, must wake in all the responses of
happy appreciation and leave the charm of memory."

FOOTNOTES:

[173-1] The Oxus, 1300 miles long, is the chief river of Central Asia,
and one of the boundaries of Persia.

[173-2] Peran-Wisa was the commander of King Afrasiab's troops, a
Turanian chief who ruled over the many wild Tartar tribes whose men
composed his army.

[173-3] Pamir or Pamere is a high tableland called by the natives "the
roof of the world." In it lies the source of the Oxus. Arnold has named
many places for the purpose of giving an air of reality to the poem. It
is not necessary to locate them accurately in order to understand the
poem, and so the notes will refer to them only as the story is made
clearer by the explanation.

[174-4] Samarcand is a city of Turkistan, now a center of learning and
of commerce.

[175-5] _Common_ here means _general_. The idea is that little fame
comes to him who fights in a general combat in which numbers take part.
What is the real reason for Sohrab's desire to fight in single combat?
Arnold gives a different reason from that in the _Shah Nameh_. In the
latter case it is that by defeating their champion Sohrab may frighten
the Persians into submission.

[176-6] Seistan was the province in which Rustum and his father Zal had
ruled for many years, subjects of the King of Persia.

[176-7] _Whether that_ and _Or in_ beginning the second line below may
be understood to read _Either because_ and _Or because of_.

[177-8] _Frore_ means _frozen_.

[177-9] From mares' milk is made koumiss, a favorite fermented drink of
Tartar tribes.

[178-10] _Fix'd_ means _halted_. He caused his army to remain stationary
while he rode forward.

[178-11] The _corn_ is grain of some kind, not our maize or Indian corn.

[181-12] Kai Khosroo was one of the Persian kings who lived in the sixth
century B. C., and is now understood to be Cyrus. He was the grandson of
Kai Kaoos, in whose reign the _Shah Nameh_ places the episode of Sohrab
and Rustum. Here as elsewhere Arnold alters the legend to suit his
convenience and to make the poem more effective. For instance, he
compresses the combat into a single day, while in the Persian epic, the
battle lasts three days. This change gives greater vitality and more
rapid action to the poem.

[181-13] Zal was born with snowy hair, a most unusual thing among the
black-haired Persians. His father was so angered by the appearance of
his son that