m much indebted to Mr. W.M. Flinders Petrie, author of _The Pyramids and
Temples of Gizeh_, for kindly translating the section on "Pyramids," which
is entirely from his pen. I have also to thank him for many valuable notes
on subjects dealt with in the first three chapters. To avoid confusion, I
have numbered these notes, and placed them at the end of the volume.

My acknowledgments are likewise due to Professor Maspero for the care with
which he has read the proof-sheets of this version of his work. In
departing from his system of orthography (and that of Mr. Petrie) I have
been solely guided by the necessities of English readers. I foresee that
_Egyptian Archaeology_ will henceforth be the inseparable companion of all
English-speaking travellers who visit the Valley of the Nile; hence I have
for the most part adopted the spelling of Egyptian proper names as given by
the author of "Murray's Handbook for Egypt."

Touching my own share in the present volume, I will only say that I have
tried to present Professor Maspero's inimitable French in the form of
readable English, rather than in a strictly word-for-word translation; and
that with the hope of still further extending the usefulness of the book, I
have added some foot-note references.

AMELIA B. EDWARDS.

WESTBURY-ON-TRYM,

_August_, 1887.

CONTENTS.

CHAPTER I.

ARCHITECTURE--CIVIL AND MILITARY.

Sec. 1. HOUSES:--Bricks and Brickmaking--Foundations--Materials--Towns--
Plans--Decoration

Sec. 2. FORTRESSES:--Walls--Plans--Migdols, etc.

Sec. 3. PUBLIC WORKS:--Roads--Bridges--Storehouses--Canals--Lake Moeris--
Dams--Reservoirs--Quarries

CHAPTER II.

RELIGIOUS ARCHITECTURE.

Sec. 1. MATERIALS; PRINCIPLES OF CONSTRUCTION:--Materials of Temples--
Foundations of Temples--Sizes of Blocks--Mortars--Mode of hoisting
Blocks--Defective Masonry--Walls--Pavements--Vaultings--Supports--
Pillars and Columns--Capitals--Campaniform Capitals--Lotus-bud
Capitals--Hathor-headed Capitals

Sec. 2. TEMPLES:--Temples of the Sphinx--Temples of Elephantine--Temple
at El Kab--Temple of Khonsu--Arrangement of Temples--Levels--Crypts--
Temple of Karnak--Temple of Luxor--Philae--The Speos, or Rock-cut
Temple--Speos of Horemheb--Rock-cut Temples of Abu Simbel--Temple of
Deir el Bahari--Temple of Abydos--Sphinxes--Crio-sphinxes

Sec. 3. DECORATION:--Principles of Decoration--The Temple a Symbolic