es and the best ways of using
a vote to get what they want and to effect the general welfare of the
people. Mrs. Catt urged each State to hold a similar State school to
be followed by others in every election district, to carry the message
to every woman that good citizens not only register and vote but know
how to do so and why they do it; to set a standard of good citizenship
with an "irreducible minimum" of qualifications below which no person
can fall and lay claim to the title good citizen. It was planned to
give certificates of endorsement to those who passed 75 per cent. in
the examinations at the close.

A widespread demand arose for Citizenship Schools, requests coming
even from women who were indifferent or opposed to suffrage but who,
now that the vote was assured, were anxious to make good and
intelligent use of the ballot. Under the direction of Mrs. Gellhorn,
vice-chairman of the National League of Women Voters and chairman of
Organization, twenty-seven field directors were employed and schools
held in thirty-five States. Missouri had 102 schools, Nebraska 30,
Ohio 35. In sixteen States, the State universities cooperated with the
League of Women Voters in their citizenship work. Those of Iowa and
Virginia employed in their extension departments directors of
citizenship schools, who, responding to calls, went to various
localities and conducted courses in citizenship. That of Missouri put
in a required course for every freshman, with five hours' credit. A
normal training school was conducted in St. Louis in August and a
correspondence course of twelve lessons was issued and used by
forty-two States. In many cases these schools made a thorough study of
the fundamental principles of government.

In compliance with the instruction of the convention the Board of
Directors of the League of Women Voters at its post-convention meeting
in Chicago selected from the program recommended by the standing
committees the issues to be presented to the Resolution Committees of
the political parties with a request that they be adopted as planks in
the national platforms. Two of the Federal measures endorsed by the
League in Chicago--the bill for the Women's Bureau in the Department
of Labor and the Retirement Bill for Superannuated Public
Employees--were passed by Congress the following June and became law.
Twelve others were grouped into six planks and later condensed into a
single paragraph as follows:

"We urge Federa