e code has recently been arranged
for Mandarin, based on a system of initials and finals, by Miss
Garland of the China Inland Mission. At Foochow there is a large
school for boys and girls in connexion with the Church Missionary
Society. At Ningpo, Amoy, Canton and Fukien work for the blind is
carried on by the missionaries.

Japan.

The blind in Japan have long been trained in massage, acupuncture and
music, and until recently, with few exceptions, none but the blind
engaged in these occupations. From three to five years are required to
become proficient in massage, but a blind person is then able to
support himself. In Yokohama, with a population of half a million,
there are 1000 men and women engaged in massage, and all but about 100
of these are blind. In 1878 a school for the blind and deaf-mutes was
established in Kyoto, and soon after one in Tokyo. Japan has four
schools for the blind, and seven combined schools for the blind and
deaf-mutes.

Palestine.

As in other Eastern countries, blindness is very prevalent in
Palestine. Ophthalmic hospitals and medical attendance are now
available in the larger towns, and the missionary schools have done
much to inculcate habits of cleanliness, therefore there is a slight
decrease in the number of the blind. The home and school for blind
girls in Jerusalem is the outcome of a day school opened in 1896 by an
American missionary. There is also a small school at Urfa under the
auspices of the American mission in that town.

EDUCATION

Early training.

As more sensations are received through the eye than through any other
organ, the mind of a blind child is vacant, and the training should
begin early or the mind will degenerate. Indirectly the loss of sight
results in inaction. If no one encourages a blind child to move, he will
sit quietly in a corner, and when he leaves his seat will move timidly
about. This want of activity produces bad physical effects, and further
delays mental growth. The blind are often injured, some of them ruined
for life, through the ignorance and mistaken kindness of their friends
during early childhood. They should be taught to walk, to go up and down
stairs, to wash, dress and feed themselves.

They should be carefully taught correct postures and attitudes, and to
avoid making grimaces. They should be told the requirements of social
conventions which a seeing child learns thro