emory serves me right, Mr Stone rescued one of these instruments from
the band of a London boys' school. A teneroon of Mr Galpin's is shown at
p. 168 of his book, where it appears to be about seven-tenths of the size
of the ordinary bassoon.

[Picture: Plate VII. Pibcorn or Horn-pipe]

The next class of wind-instrument is that of which the clarinet is the
modern representative. It has a rich but somewhat cloying tone, and, to
my thinking, none of the mysterious charm of the oboe. It is
characterised by a single vibrating plate or reed, and the current of air
from the performer's mouth passes between it and an immovable surface of
wood. In our country this type of reed was found in a most interesting
instrument, the horn-pipe {89a} or pibcorn, which is said to have existed
in Wales as late as the nineteenth century. One of these curious
instruments is in the possession of the Society of Antiquaries, and is
shown in Plate VII. It was given to the Society by Daines Barrington,
who describes it in the Society's _Archaeologia_ for 1779. In a Saxon
vocabulary of the eighth century the word _Sambucus_ (_i.e._ elder-tree)
is translated _swegelhorn_. Now the word _swegel_ was applied to the
_tibia_ or leg-bone; it is therefore of remarkable interest to find that,
according to an old Welsh peasant, the tibia of a deer should be the best
tube for the pibcorn. {89b} This name, which means pipe-horn, is very
appropriate, since the tube of the instrument bears at either end a cow's
horn. To the upper one the performer applied his mouth. He had no means
of regulating the reed as a clarinet or oboe-player has; the reed was
left to its own sweet will, as is also the case with the reeds in another
ancient instrument--the bagpipe, to which a few words must be given.

Mr Henry Balfour believes that both these instruments came to us with the
Keltic migration from the East. Or, as Mr Galpin suggests, we may owe
the bagpipe to Roman soldiers, "for the _tibia utricularis_ was used in
the Imperial army." It is quite a mistake to suppose that the bagpipe is
in any special way connected with Scotland. Illuminated missals of the
thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth centuries show how common the
bagpipe was in England. But the Scots must at least have a share of the
credit of preserving the bagpipe from extinction; and the same may be
said of another Keltic race, the Breton, in whose land I have heard the
bagpipe ac