ER (1784-1849), English landscape painter, of Dutch
extraction, son of an English physician, was born at Stone,
Staffordshire, on the 21st of January 1784. He studied art in London,
and in 1809 entered the Academy schools. In 1812 he became a member of
the Society of Painters in Watercolours, where he exhibited largely for
many years, as well as at the Academy. He married in 1810 the sister of
William Hilton, R.A. He died in London on the 30th of January 1849. De
Wint's life was devoted to art; he painted admirably in oils, and he
ranks as one of the chief English water-colourists. A number of his
pictures are in the National Gallery and the Victoria and Albert Museum.

DE WINTER, JAN WILLEM (1750-1812), Dutch admiral, was born at Kampen,
and in 1761 entered the naval service at the age of twelve years. He
distinguished himself by his zeal and courage, and at the revolution of
1787 he had reached the rank of lieutenant. The overthrow of the
"patriot" party forced him to fly for his safety to France. Here he
threw himself heart and soul into the cause of the Revolution, and took
part under Dumouriez and Pichegru in the campaigns of 1792 and 1793, and
was soon promoted to the rank of brigadier-general. When Pichegru in
1795 overran Holland, De Winter returned with the French army to his
native country. The states-general now utilized the experience he had
gained as a naval officer by giving him the post of adjunct-general for
the reorganization of the Dutch navy. In 1796 he was appointed
vice-admiral and commander-in-chief of the fleet. He spared no efforts
to strengthen it and improve its condition, and on the 11th of October
1797 he ventured upon an encounter off Camperdown with the British fleet
under Admiral Duncan. After an obstinate struggle the Dutch were
defeated, and De Winter himself was taken prisoner. He remained in
England until December, when he was liberated by exchange. His conduct
in the battle of Camperdown was declared by a court-martial to have
nobly maintained the honour of the Dutch flag.

From 1798 to 1802 De Winter filled the post of ambassador to the French
republic, and was then once more appointed commander of the fleet. He
was sent with a strong squadron to the Mediterranean to repress the
Tripoli piracies, and negotiated a treaty of peace with the Tripolitan
government. He enjoyed the confidence of Louis Bonaparte, when king of
Holland, and, after the incorporation of the Netherlands in the