Periers, Des, 629.
Perrin, A., 176.
Persia, 449.
Perth, 360.
Peru, 416, 438 ff., 474 f.
Pescia, Domenico da, 18.
Petrarch, 47.
Petri, L., 138.
Petri, O., 137.
Pfefferkorn, J., 54.
Philibert, E., 249.
Philip IV of France, 14, 42.
Philip the Handsome of Hapsburg, 76, 235.
Philip II, King of Spain, 130, 132.
and France, 212, 226 ff., 252.
on St. Bartholomew, 218.
and Netherlands, 246 ff., 272 ff., 602.
marriage with Mary of England, 318 f.
and Elizabethan England, 331 ff., 338, 362, 533.
and papacy, 384 ff.
and Council of Trent, 395.
finances, 431.
character and policy, 431 ff.
and Portugal, 446.
and Turks, 449 f.
portrait, 678.
Philippine Islands, 440 f.
Philosophy, 624-40.
Reformers, 624 ff.
skeptics, 627 ff.
science, 637 ff.
Piacenza, 250, 456
Picardy, 161, 202.
Piccolomini family, 15.
Piedmont, 35.
Pindar, 574.
Pinkie, battle of, 359.
Pirckheimer, W., 104, 106, 683.
Pisa, 627.
Council of (1409), 14.
Schismatic Council of (1511), 19.
Pistoia, 488.
Pius II, Pope, 16, 24 f., 42, 350.
Pius IV, Pope, 384 ff., 393 ff.
Pius V, Pope, 334 f., 338, 386 f., 417, 422.
Pizarro, 439 f.
Plato, 51, 150, 418, 574, 606, 629.
Pliny the Elder, 667.
Plutarch, 574, 576, 619.
Pocock, R., 48.
Podiebrad, 40.
Poggio, 51, 421.
Poissy, Colloquy of, 213 f., 598.
Poitiers, Diana of, 199.
Poitou, 216.
Poland,
pays Peter's Pence, 21.
suzerain of Prussia, 113.
literature, 135.
constitution, 138 f.
wars, 139 f., 447.
Reformation, 140-44.
Henry III, 143, 219.
civilization, 350.
Counter-reformation, 388.
and Council of Trent, 395.
Jesuits, 405.
population, 458.
gilds, 540.
reform of calendar, 624.
Pole, R., 318 ff., 377, 382, 396, 591, 604.
Political theory, 588-609.
the state as power, 589 ff.
republicanism, 592 ff.
church and state, 593 ff.
constitution, 595 ff.
tyrannicide, 606.
radicals, 606 f.
economic, 607 ff.
Pollard, A. F., 742.
Polybius, 574.
Polygamy, 102, 120, 507, 574.
Pomponazzi, P., 105, 627, 649.
Ponet, J., 604 f.
Pontano, 508.
Pontoise, Estates of, 598.
Porta, J. B., della, 614.
Portsmouth, 322.
Portugal
exploration, 10, 435.
literature, 135.
civilization, 350.
and Council of Trent, 395.
Jesuits, 405.
colonie