note 33: Known to this day as "The Cheyenne Bottoms."]

[Footnote 34: Lone Wolf was really the head chief of the Kiowas.]

[Footnote 35: The battle lasted three days.]

[Footnote 36: Kicking Bird was ever afterward so regarded by the authorities of
the Indian department.]

[Footnote 37: Lorenzo Thomas, adjutant-general of the United States army.]

[Footnote 38: Kendall's _Santa Fe Expedition_ may be found in all the large
libraries.]

[Footnote 39: A summer-house, bower, or arbour.]

[Footnote 40: Frank Hall, Chicago, 1885.]

[Footnote 41: The greater portion of this chapter I originally wrote for
_Harper's Weekly_. By the kind permission of the publishers, I am
permitted to use it here.]

[Footnote 42: These statistics I have carefully gathered from the freight
departments of the railroads, which kept a record of all the bones that
were shipped, and from the purchasers of the carbon works, who paid out
the money at various points. Some of the bones, however, may have been
on the ground for a longer time, as decay is very slow in the dry air of
the plains.]

[Footnote 43: La Jeunesse was one of the bravest of the old French Canadian
trappers. He was a warm friend of Kit Carson and was killed by the
Indians in the following manner. They were camping one night in the
mountains; Kit, La Jeunesse, and others had wrapped themselves up in
their blankets near the fire, and were sleeping soundly; Fremont sat
up until after midnight reading letters he had received from the United
States, after finishing which, he, too, turned in and fell asleep.
Everything was quiet for a while, when Kit was awakened by a noise that
sounded like the stroke of an axe. Rising cautiously, he discovered
Indians in the camp; he gave the alarm at once, but two of his
companions were dead. One of them was La Jeunesse, and the noise he had
heard was the tomahawk as it buried itself in the brave fellow's head.]

[Footnote 44: This black is made from a species of plumbago found on the hills of
the region.]

[Footnote 45: The Pawnees and Cheyennes were hereditary enemies, and they
frequently met in sanguinary conflict.]

[Footnote 46: A French term Anglicised, as were many other foreign words by the
trappers in the mountains. Its literal meaning is, arrow fender, for
from it the plains Indians construct their shields; it is buffalo-hide
prepared in a certain manner.]

[Footnote 47: Boiling Spring River.]

[Footnote 48: For