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me states in January 1991 _#_Independence: 7 September 1822 (from Portugal) _#_Constitution: 5 October 1988 _#_Legal system: based on Latin codes; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction _#_National holiday: Independence Day, 7 September (1822) _#_Executive branch: president, vice president, Cabinet _#_Legislative branch: bicameral National Congress (Congresso Nacional) consists of an upper chamber or Federal Senate (Senado Federal) and a lower chamber or Chamber of Deputies (Camara dos Deputados) _#_Judicial branch: Supreme Federal Tribunal _#_Leaders: Chief of State and Head of Government--President Fernando Affonso COLLOR de Mello (since 15 March 1990); Vice President Itamar FRANCO (since 15 March 1990) _#_Political parties and leaders: National Reconstruction Party (PRN), Daniel TOURINHO, president; Brazilian Democratic Movement Party (PMDB), Orestes QUERCIA, president; Liberal Front Party (PFL), Hugo NAPOLEAO, president; Workers' Party (PT), Luis Ignacio (Lula) da SILVA, president; Brazilian Labor Party (PTB), Luiz GONZAGA de Paiva Muniz, president; Democratic Labor Party (PDT), Leonel BRIZOLA, president; Democratic Social Party (PDS), Amaral NETTO, president; Brazilian Social Democracy Party (PSDB), Mario COVAS, president; Brazilian Communist Party (PCB), Salomao MALINA, secretary general; Communist Party of Brazil (PCdoB), Joao AMAZONAS, president; Christian Democratic Party (PDC), Eduardo CAMPOS, president _#_Suffrage: voluntary at age 16; compulsory between ages 18 and 70; voluntary at age 70 _#_Elections: President--last held 15 November 1989, with runoff on 17 December 1989 (next to be held November 1994); results--Fernando COLLOR de Mello 53%, Luis Inacio da SILVA 47%; note--first free, direct presidential election since 1960; Senate--last held 3 October 1990 (next to be held November 1994); results--percent of vote by party NA; seats--(81 total as of 3 February 1991) PMDB 27, PFL 15, PSDB 10, PTB 8, PDT 5, other 16; Chamber of Deputies--last held 3 October 1990 (next to be held November 1994); results--PMDB 21%, PFL 17%, PDT 9%, PDS 8%, PRN 7.9%, PTB 7%, PT 7%, other 23.1%; seats--(503 total as of 3 February 1991) PMDB 108, PFL 87, PDT 46, PDS 43, PRN 40, PTB 35, PT 35, other 109; _#_Communists: about 30,000 _#_Other political or pressure groups: left wing of the Catholic Church and labor unions allied to leftist Worker's Party are
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