ring industries--textiles,
cement, building materials, food products, footwear, chemical, printing,
ceramics, steel

_#_Agriculture: accounts for 28% of GNP and half of labor force;
inefficient small-scale farming dominates; once a large net exporter of
food and now an importer; cash crops--cocoa, peanuts, palm oil, rubber;
food crops--corn, rice, sorghum, millet, cassava, yams;
livestock--cattle, sheep, goats, pigs; fishing and forestry resources
extensively exploited

_#_Illicit drugs: illicit heroin and some cocaine trafficking;
marijuana cultivation for domestic consumption and export; major transit
country for heroin en route from Southwest Asia via Africa to Western
Europe and the US; growing transit route for cocaine from South America
via West Africa to Western Europe and the US

_#_Economic aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $705
million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments
(1970-87), $2.5 billion; Communist countries (1970-89), $2.2 billion

_#_Currency: naira (plural--naira); 1 naira (4) = 100 kobo

_#_Exchange rates: naira (4) per US$1--8.707 (December 1990),
8.038 (1990), 7.3647 (1989), 4.5370 (1988), 4.0160 (1987), 1.7545 (1986),
0.8938 (1985)

_#_Fiscal year: calendar year

_*_Communications
_#_Railroads: 3,505 km 1.067-meter gauge

_#_Highways: 107,990 km total 30,019 km paved (mostly
bituminous-surface treatment); 25,411 km laterite, gravel, crushed stone,
improved earth; 52,560 km unimproved

_#_Inland waterways: 8,575 km consisting of Niger and Benue Rivers and
smaller rivers and creeks

_#_Pipelines: 2,042 km crude oil; 500 km natural gas; 3,000 km refined
products

_#_Ports: Lagos, Port Harcourt, Calabar, Warri, Onne, Sapele

_#_Merchant marine: 28 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 420,658
GRT/668,951 DWT; includes 18 cargo, 1 refrigerated cargo, 1
roll-on/roll-off cargo, 6 petroleum, oils, and lubricants (POL) tanker, 1
chemical tanker, 1 bulk

_#_Civil air: 76 major transport aircraft

_#_Airports: 81 total, 68 usable; 32 with permanent-surface runways;
1 with runways over 3,659 m; 14 with runways 2,440-3,659 m;
21 with runways 1,220-2,439 m

_#_Telecommunications: above-average system limited by poor
maintenance; major expansion in progress; radio relay and cable routes;
155,000 telephones; stations--37 AM, 19 FM, 38 TV; 2 Atlantic Ocean
INTELSAT, 1 Indian Ocean INTELSAT, domestic, with 19 stations; 1 coaxi