bique 756 km, Rwanda 217 km, Uganda 396 km, Zambia 338 km

Coastline: 1,424 km

Maritime claims:
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
territorial sea: 12 nm

International disputes: boundary dispute with Malawi in Lake
Nyasa; Tanzania-Zaire-Zambia tripoint in Lake Tanganyika may no
longer be indefinite since it has been informally reported that the
indefinite section of the Zaire-Zambia boundary has been settled

Climate: varies from tropical along coast to temperate in highlands

Terrain: plains along coast; central plateau; highlands in north,
south
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Kilimanjaro 5,895 m

Natural resources: hydropower potential, tin, phosphates, iron
ore, coal, diamonds, gemstones, gold, natural gas, nickel

Land use:
arable land: 5%
permanent crops: 1%
meadows and pastures: 40%
forest and woodland: 47%
other: 7%

Irrigated land: 1,530 sq km (1989 est.)

Environment:
current issues: soil degradation; deforestation; desertification;
destruction of coral reefs threatens marine habitats; recent
droughts affected marginal agriculture
natural hazards: the tsetse fly and lack of water limit agriculture;
flooding on the central plateau during the rainy season
international agreements: party to - Endangered Species, Hazardous
Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection,
Whaling; signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change,
Desertification

Geographic note: Kilimanjaro is highest point in Africa

People
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Population: 29,058,470 (July 1996 est.)

Age structure:
0-14 years: 45% (male 6,536,911; female 6,576,752)
15-64 years: 52% (male 7,360,370; female 7,739,500)
65 years and over: 3% (male 396,128; female 448,809) (July 1996 est.)

Population growth rate: 1.15% (1996 est.)

Birth rate: 41.31 births/1,000 population (1996 est.)

Death rate: 19.47 deaths/1,000 population (1996 est.)

Net migration rate: -10.36 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1996 est.)
note: the total number of Rwandan and Burundian refugees in Tanzania
is about 750,000

Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 0.99 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.88 male(s)/female
all ages: 0.97 male(s)/female (1996 est.)

Infant mortality rate: 105.9 deaths/1,000 live births (1996 est.)

Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 42.34 years
male: 40.95 y