km,
Croatia (south) 25 km, Hungary 151 km, The Former Yugoslav Republic
of Macedonia 221 km, Romania 476 km
note: the internal boundary between Montenegro and Serbia is 211 km

Coastline: 199 km (Montenegro 199 km, Serbia 0 km)

Maritime claims: NA

International disputes: disputes with Bosnia and Herzegovina and
Croatia over Serbian populated areas; Albanian majority in Kosovo
seeks independence from Serbian republic

Climate: in the north, continental climate (cold winter and hot,
humid summers with well distributed rainfall); central portion,
continental and Mediterranean climate; to the south, Adriatic
climate along the coast, hot, dry summers and autumns and relatively
cold winters with heavy snowfall inland

Terrain: extremely varied; to the north, rich fertile plains; to
the east, limestone ranges and basins; to the southeast, ancient
mountain and hills; to the southwest, extremely high shoreline with
no islands off the coast
lowest point: Adriatic Sea 0 m
highest point: Daravica 2,656 m

Natural resources: oil, gas, coal, antimony, copper, lead, zinc,
nickel, gold, pyrite, chrome

Land use:
arable land: 30%
permanent crops: 5%
meadows and pastures: 20%
forest and woodland: 25%
other: 20%

Irrigated land: NA sq km

Environment:
current issues: pollution of coastal waters from sewage outlets,
especially in tourist-related areas such as Kotor; air pollution
around Belgrade and other industrial cities; water pollution from
industrial wastes dumped into the Sava which flows into the Danube
natural hazards: destructive earthquakes
international agreements: NA

Geographic note: controls one of the major land routes from
Western Europe to Turkey and the Near East; strategic location along
the Adriatic coast

People
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Population:
total population: 10,614,558 (July 1996 est.)
Montenegro: 635,442 (July 1996 est.)
Serbia: 9,979,116 (July 1996 est.)

Age structure:
Montenegro - 0-14 years: 22% (male 71,075; female 67,402)
Montenegro - 15-64 years: 67% (male 215,889; female 213,290)
Montenegro - 65 years and over: 11% (male 27,868; female 39.918)
(July 1996 est.)
Serbia - 0-14 years: 21% (male 1,104,274; female 1,026,994)
Serbia - 15-64 years: 66% (male 3,332,809; female 3,293,788)
Serbia - 65 years and over: 13% (male 515,001; female 706,250) (July
1996 est.)

Population growth rate:
Montenegro: 0.39%