ay be but the birth-pangs of a truly
renascent East taking its place in a renascent world.

INDEX

Aali Pasha, Pan-Islam agitation of, 54

Abbas Hilmi, Khedive, pro Turkish views of, 155;
deposition of, 156;
Pan-Arabianism supported by, 170

Abd-el-Kader, French resisted by, 41

Abd-el-Malek Hamsa, Pro-Germanism of, 156

Abd-el-Wahab, Mohammedan revival begun by, 21, 40;
birth of, 21;
early life of, 22 _ff._;
influence of, 22;
death of, 22

Abdul Hamid, despotism of, 32;
as caliph, 39;
Sennussi's opposition to, 39, 46;
Djemal-ed-Din protected by, 53 _ff._;
Pan-Islam policy of, 53 _ff._;
character of, 54 _ff._;
government of, 55;
deposition of, 56, 119;
tyrannical policy of, 116;
nationalism opposed by, 139, 165;
Arabs conciliated by, 142 _ff._

Abu Bekr 22;
policy of, 114 _ff._

Abyssinian Church, Mohammedan threat against, 50

Afghanistan, religious uprisings in, 41;
nineteenth-century independence of, 118;
Bolshevism in, 286 _ff._;
rebellion of, 286_ff._

Africa, Mohammedan missionary work in, 49 _ff._
_See_ also North Africa

Agadir crisis, 57

Ahmed Bey Agayeff, Pan-Turanism aided by, 165

Alexandria, massacre of Europeans in, 149

Algeria, French conquest of, 40, 158;
Kabyle insurrection in, 41;
compulsory vaccination in, 95;
liberal political aspirations in, 118 _ff._;
need for European government in, 122

Allenby, General, Egypt in control of, 177

Amanullah Khan, Bolshevism of, 286;
war on England declared by, 286;
present policy of, 298

Anatolia, Bolshevist manifesto to, 292

Anglo-Russian Agreement, terms of, 159 _ff._

Arabi Pasha, Djemal-ed-Din's influence on, 148;
revolution in Egypt headed by, 148

Arabia, description of natives of, 21;
Turks fought by, 23;
defeat of, 23;
political freedom of, 113;
democracy in, 127;
nationalist spirit in, 140 _ff._;
Turkish rulers opposed by, 140 _ff._;
suppression of, 143;
1905 rebellion of, 143;
effect of Young-Turk revolution on, 145 _ff._;
1916 revolt of, 146;
Pan-Arabism in, 145;
religious character of Pan-Arab movement in, 169 _ff._;
effect of Great War on, 170, 183 _ff._;
Allied encouragement of, 184;
peace terms and, 185;
English agreement with, 185 _ff._;
revolt against Turks of, 185;
secret partition of, 185 _ff._;
Colonel Lawrence's influence in, 186;
secret treaties revealed to, 187;
France and Englan