equent upon the thought even of swallowing is painful that they turn
from it. That tradition has continued to be very commonly accepted even
by physicians down to our own day, so that Bartholomew, the Englishman,
in the thirteenth century, will not be blamed much for setting it forth
for popular information in his time some seven centuries ago. The idea
that free bleeding would bring about the removal of the virus is
interesting, because we have in recent years insisted in the case of the
very similar disease, tetanus, on allowing or deliberately causing
wounds in which the tetanus microbe may have gained an entrance, to
bleed freely.

The biting of a wood hound is deadly and venomous. And such
venom is perilous. For it is long hidden and unknown, and
increaseth and multiplieth itself, and is sometimes unknown to
the year's end, and then the same day and hour of the biting,
it cometh to the head, and breedeth frenzy. They that are
bitten of a wood hound have in their sleep dreadful sights,
and are fearful, astonied, and wroth without cause. And they
dread to be seen of other men, and bark as hounds, and they
dread water most of all things, and are afeared thereof full
sore and squeamous also. Against the biting of a wood hound
wise men and ready use to make the wounds bleed with fire or
with iron, that the venom may come out with the blood, that
cometh out of the wound.

FOOTNOTES:

[Footnote 1: "Medicinisches aus der Aeltesten Kirchen Geschichte."
Leipzig, 1892.]

[Footnote 2: Foulis, London and Edinburgh, 1910.]

[Footnote 3: My attention was called to the interesting story of the
Jewish physicians of the Middle Ages and their scientific accomplishment
while writing the article on Joseph Hyrtl for the Catholic Encyclopedia.
His "Das Arabische und Hebraeische in der Anatomie" (Wien, 1879) has some
interestingly suggestive material on these important chapters of the
history of medicine. (I owe my opportunity to consult it to the courtesy
of the Surgeon-General's library.) Biographic material has been obtained
from Carmoly's "History of the Jewish Physicians," translated by Dr.
Dunbar for the _Maryland Medical and Surgical Journal_, some extra
copies of which were printed by John Murphy and Co., Baltimore, about
the middle of the nineteenth century. Baas and Haeser's Histories of
Medicine and Puschmann and Pagel's "Handbook" provided additional