at towns and villages here have an independent jurisdiction
of their own. According to a slave of En-Noor, there are two sultans.

_12th._--The morning was cool and windy. We started pretty early, and
moved one hour through huts scattered amidst the ghaseb stubble. Then
came three hours of undulating ground, uncultivated. Afterwards we fell
in with huts again; and in two hours more reached the conical-shaped
mount called Boban Birni. It consists of a sort of coarse sandstone and
is in part overgrown with herbage. From the encampment to Mount Boban
Birni was a distance of six hours S.W. It can be seen from afar off,
though in reality not very lofty. We passed the mount for two hours
through a forest of dwarf trees; the country still billowy, as it were.
We advanced in all about eight hours, braced by a pleasant north-east
wind. As we advanced we saw ostriches quietly feeding at no great
distance, not heeding our caravan as it murmured by. Partridges rose as
we advanced; together with guinea-hens, blackbirds, crows, black and
white, and several long-tailed flutterers.

_13th._--The morning was overcast, with cold wind. We started early, and
made a long day of nine hours and a-half, and did not encamp until an
hour after dark. Our course, as we ascended from Mount Boban Birni, was
S. 3 deg. E. The country still undulated through the same forest, which in
many places was quite dense, whilst in others the trees were scattered.

When we reached the camping-ground a pleasant announcement was made. We
were at length upon Bornou soil! I could hardly believe my ears. Oh,
marvel, after all our dangers and misgivings! Thanks to Almighty God for
deliverance from the hands of lawless tribes! I shall never forget the
sensation with which I learned that I was at length really in Bornou,
and that the robber Tuarick was in very truth definitively left behind.

Our encampment was near a little village of twenty huts, called
Daazzenai, placed under a rock of red stone. The country of Damerghou,
in this direction, is separated from Bornou by about eleven hours of
forest, or some thirty miles English--a sufficient distance to divide
two countries, especially in Africa. The trees were larger to-day, and
some of considerable altitude. Many pretty yellow blossoms, glowed on a
species of shrub not unlike the laburnum.

I observed scattered in the forest small mounds of mud, wasting away to
the level of the ground; there were many of them; the