ing. (See note on x. 51.) The body was placed
not only in an actual sarcophagus or stone coffin, as expressly
mentioned in the text, but in hollow places cut out of rock or
earth (_loculus_). The _sarcophagus_ method seems to have been the
earlier, but was superseded by that of the _loculus_, except in the
case of the very wealthy.

205 The concluding line is beautifully illustrated by the epitaph
on the martyr Alexander, found over one of the graves in the cemetery
of Callixtus in the Catacombs:--

ALEXANDER MORTVVS NON EST SED VIVIT
SVPER ASTRA ET CORPVS IN HOC TVMVLO
QVIESCIT ...

"Alexander is not dead, but lives above the stars
and his body rests in this tomb."

IV

15 Prudentius here, as again in v. 160, emphasises his belief in
the procession of the Holy Ghost from the Father and the Son. The
"filioque" clause was not actually added to the Nicene Creed till
the Council of Toledo (589 A.D.), but the doctrine was expressly
maintained by Augustine, and occurs in a Confession of Faith of an
earlier Synod of Toledo (447 A.D.?), and in the words of Leo I.
(_Ep. ad Turib._, c. 1), "_de utroque processit._" The addition
was not embodied into the Creed as used at Rome as late as the
beginning of the ninth century. (_Vid._ Harnack, _Hist. of Dogma_,
iv. 132.) Prudentius probably followed, as regards the Trinity,
the doctrine generally held by the Spanish Church of his day; in
many points it is difficult (cf. note on iii. 2), but appears to be
derived partly from Tertullian and partly from Marcellus.

59 The identification of the Habakkuk of this legend (_vid._ the
Apocryphal "Bel and the Dragon") with the O. T. prophet is erroneous.
This version of the story of Daniel is sometimes represented in the
frescoes of the Catacombs, where the subject is a very favourite
one, as is natural in an age when the cry "_Christiani ad leones_"
so often rang through the streets of Rome.

V

1 There has been much doubt as to the title and scope of this hymn.
Some early editors (_e.g._, Fabricius and Arevalus) adopt the title
"_ad incensum cerei Paschalis_," or "_de novo lumine Paschalis
Sabbati_," and confine its object to the ceremonial of Easter Eve,