Hutchinson put
himself into communication with some thirty representative men in
various great metropolitan centres, and thus summarizes the
answers as regards the etiology of prostitution:

Per cent.

Love of display, luxury and idleness 42.1
Bad family surroundings 23.8
Seduction in which they were innocent victims 11.3
Lack of employment 9.4
Heredity 7.8
Primary sexual appetite 5.6

(Woods Hutchinson, "The Economics of Prostitution," _American
Gynaecologic and Obstetric Journal_, September, 1895; _Id., The
Gospel According to Darwin_, p. 194.)

In Italy, in 1881, among 10,422 inscribed prostitutes from the
age of seventeen upwards, the causes of prostitution were
classified as follows:

Vice and depravity 2,752
Death of parents, husband, etc. 2,139
Seduction by lover 1,653
Seduction by employer 927
Abandoned by parents, husband, etc. 794
Love of luxury 698
Incitement by lover or other persons outside
family 666
Incitement by parents or husband 400
To support parents or children 393

(Ferriani, _Minorenni Delinquenti_, p. 193.) The reasons
assigned by Russian prostitutes for taking up their career are
(according to Federow) as follows:

38.5 per cent. insufficient wages.
21. per cent. desire for amusement.
14. per cent. loss of place.
9.5 per cent. persuasion by women friends.
6.5 per cent. loss of habit of work.
5.5 per cent. chagrin, and to punish lover.
.5 per cent. drunkenness.

(Summarized in _Archives d'Anthropologie Criminelle_, Nov. 15,
1901.)

1. _The Economic Causation of Prostitution_.--Writers on prostitution
frequently assert that economic conditions lie at the root of prostitution
and that its chief cause is poverty, while prostitutes themselves often
declare that the difficulty of earning a livelihood in other ways was a
mai