Peter and Paul, and of all apostles, of the blessed Thomas,
Archbishop and Martyr, and of all martyrs, of blessed Edward of
England, and of all Confessors and virgins, and of all the saints of
heaven: We excommunicate, accurse, and from the thresholds
(liminibus) of our Holy Mother the Church, We sequester, all those
that hereafter willingly and maliciously deprive or spoil the Church
of her right: And all those that by any craft or wiliness do violate,
break, diminish, or change the Church's Liberties, or the ancient
approved customs of the Realm, and especially the Liberties and free
Customs contained in the Charters of the Common Liberties, and of the
Forest, conceded by our Lord the King, to Archbishops, Bishops, and
other Prelates of England; and likewise to the Earls, Barons,
Knights, and other Freeholders of the Realm: And all that secretly,
or openly, by deed, word, or counsel, _do make statutes, or observe
them being made_, and that bring in Customs, or keep them when they
be brought in, against the said Liberties, or any of them, the
Writers and Counsellors of said statutes, and the Executors of them,
and all those that shall presume to judge according to them. All and
every which persons before mentioned, that wittingly shall commit
anything of the premises, let them well know that they incur the
aforesaid sentence, _ipso facto_, (i.e., upon the deed being done.)
And those that ignorantly do so, and be admonished, except they
reform themselves within fifteen days after the time of the
admonition, and make full satisfaction for that they have done, at
the will of the ordinary, shall be from that time forth included in
the same sentence. And with the same sentence we burden all those
that presume to perturb the peace of our sovereign Lord the King, and
of the Realm. To the perpetual memory of which thing, We, the
aforesaid Prelates, have put our seals to these presents."--_Statutes
of the Realm_, vol. 1, p. 6. _Ruffhead's Statutes_, vol. 1, p. 20.

One of the Confirmations of the Charters, by Edward I., was by statute,
in the 25th year of his reign, (1297,) in the following terms. The
statute is usually entitled "_Confirmatio Cartarum_," (Confirmation of
the Charters.)

_Ch. 1._ "Edward, by the Grace of God, King of England, Lord of
Ireland, and Duke of Guyan, To all those that these presents shall
hear or see, Gre