eting. Know ye, that We, to the honor of God, and of
Holy Church, and to the profit of our Realm, have granted, for us and
our heirs, that the Charter of Liberties, and the Charter of the
Forest, which were made by common assent of all the Realm, in the
time of King Henry our Father, shall be kept in every point without
breach. And we will that the same Charters shall be sent under our
seal, as well to our justices of the Forest, as to others, and to all
Sheriffs of shires, and to all our other officers, and to all our
cities throughout the Realm, together with our writs, in the which it
shall be contained, that they cause the aforesaid Charters to be
published, and to declare to the people that We have confirmed them
at all points; and to our Justices, Sheriffs, Mayors, and other
ministers, which under us have the Laws of our Land to guide, that
they allow the same Charters, in all their points, in pleas before
them, and in judgment; that is, to wit, the Great Charter as the
Common Law, and the Charter of the Forest for the wealth of our
Realm.

_Ch. 2._ "And we will that if any judgment be given from henceforth
contrary to the points of the charters aforesaid by the justices, or
by any others our ministers that hold plea before them, against the
points of the Charters, it shall be undone and holden for naught.

_Ch. 3._ "And we will, that the same Charters shall be sent, under
our seal, to Cathedral Churches throughout our Realm, there to
remain, and shall be read before the people two times in the year.

_Ch. 4._ "And that all Archbishops and Bishops shall pronounce the
sentence of excommunication against all those that by word, deed, or
counsel, do contrary to the foresaid charters, or that in any point
break or undo them. And that the said Curses be twice a year
denounced and published by the prelates aforesaid. And if the same
prelates, or any of them, be remiss in the denunciation of the said
sentences, the Archbishops of Canterbury and York, for the time
being, shall compel and distrain them to make the denunciation in the
form aforesaid."--_St. 25 Edward I._, (1297.) _Statutes of the
Realm_, vol. 1, p. 123.

It is unnecessary to repeat the terms of the various confirmations, most
of which were less formal than those that have been given, though of
course equally authoritative. Most of them are brief, and in the