book publishing, 134;
communication channels, 125;
Conference, 114;
Congress, 113;
control over people and institutions, 2, 93-94, 111, 135, 137, 140, 142,
146, 147, 176, 185-86, 192-93, 194;
and the courts, 107;
discipline, 114;
economic goal, 145;
founded, 17;
institutes, 117;
mass organizations as levers of, 117-18;
members in security forces, 193;
membership, 115;
national and regional organization, 111-15;
operations, 115-16;
organization within armed forces, 175;
political power, 103-04, 106;
religious policy, 100;
schools, 116-17;
slogan, 181;
Stalinist methods, 121;
statutes, 113-14, 115, 116, 118, 128

Albanian Writers' Union: 56

Ali, Hafez Musa Haxhi (religious leader): 98

Alia, Ramiz (Politburo secretary): 111, 112

alphabet, Albanian: 49, 56, 83

American Agricultural School (Kavaje): 84

American Junior Red Cross: 84

American Technical School (Tirana): 84

anti-Communists:
organizations, 18;
records on, 195

Antoniu, Kristaq (singer): 142

Apponyi, Geraldine (wife of Zog I): 16

area: vii, 1, 25

armed forces (_see also_ People's Army): chief of staff, 180;
civilian activities, 152, 181;
decorations, 187-88;
defense budget, 191;
equipment, 175, 179, 181-82, 183, 184;
foreign aid, 175-79 _passim_, 190;
historical background, 177-79;
medical services, 187;
military courts, 108;
military schools, 186-87;
mission, 181;
mobilization potential, 185;
Party control of, 111, 185-86;
Party organization within, 115, 175;
political indoctrination of, 185-86, 190;
rank designations, 175, 180;
resistance to Italian occupation, 178-79;
strength, 175, 181, 183, 184;
summary, ix

Army of National Liberation: 18, 64, 111

arts, fine: 142-43

Asdreni, ---- (poet): 139

Austria-Hungary: 14

authority:
under communism, 68;
traditional attitude toward, 67, 71

automobiles: 65

Bajraktari, Muharem (chieftain): 72

_bajraktars_ (tribal chieftains): 67, 71, 74

balance of trade, 171

Balli Kombetar (National Front): 18, 74, 139;
supporters, 72

Balluku, Beqir (min. of defense): 111, 180

banking: 168-69

_Bashkimi_ (newspaper): 129, 130 (table 7)

Bektashi (religious group): 97, 98

Belishova, Liri (former Politburo member): 23

_besa_ (pledge): 53

_beys_: 2, 5, 10, 13, 17, 72, 73, 74;
crea