16, 73, 139

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO): 176

nurseries (day care): 68, 148

nurses: 61

Nushi, Gogo (president, trade unions): 120

nutrition: 62

oil:
production, 163 (table 12);
refinery, 160;
reserves, 44

organizations:
anti-communist, 18;
mass, 117-21

Orthodox Church of Albania: 7, 67, 98;
members, 95

Ottoman rule: 3, 12-13

Paco, J. (sculptor): 143

Paisi, Archbishop: 99

Paluca, Maria (singer): 142

paramilitary training: 188-90

Pasha, Mehmet Ali (governor of Egypt): 12

Pasha, Pasko Vasa (playwright): 140

_pashas_: 2, 5, 13;
creation of the class, 95;
social leadership, 70

Paskal, Odhise (sculptor): 142

pastures: 41, 152

patriarchalism: 67;
efforts to eradicate, 68, 80-83

peasants:
attitude toward collectivism and modern methods, 145, 151, 157, 158,
159;
conditions under communism, 78-79;
religion, 95

People's army (_see also_ air force, naval forces): ground forces, 181-82;
organizational patterns, 180;
position in government, 179-80;
rank designations, 180-81;
strength, ix, 181, 183, 184;
training and paramilitary training, 182-90 _passim_

People's Assembly: 106, 108, 116, 164, 179-80, 190;
aim and sphere of action, 109;
description, 104-05;
power and influence, 110

People's councils:
description, 106-07;
as Party levers, 117-18

People's Police: 111, 176, 195

periodicals: 130, 131 (table 8)

Pioneer organizations: 118

pipeline: xiv (fig. 1), 44, 46

Plasari, Ndreci (institute head): 117

poetry: 139

Poland: 172

police. _See_ Directorate of State Security, Frontier Guards, People's
Police

Politburo: 21, 105, 112, 113;
communication media policy, 127;
composition, 77;
and the educational system, 92;
and the labor situation, 148, 150;
members in Council of Ministers, 106;
Secretariat, 111;
top executive branches, 111

politics:
and creation of the modern state, 15-17;
historical background, 5-6;
locus of power, 2, 103, 108-11 _passim_;
role of family connections, 77;
the system, 108-21

Popovic, Miladin (Party founder): 17

population:
control by Party and police, 2, 93-94, 137, 146, 176, 192-93, 194;
ethnic composition, 1, 5, 6, 9, 49, 52-55;
growth rate, 49, 51;
rural character, 50, 56;
social composition, 76 (table 4);
statistics, 1, 49, 5