of Mary, sister of the Blessed Virgin. He was therefore
nephew both to St. Joseph and to the Blessed Virgin, and cousin-german
to Christ. Simeon and Simon are the same name, and this saint is,
according to the best interpreters of the holy scripture, the Simon
mentioned,[1] who was brother to St. James the Lesser, and St. Jude,
apostles, and to Joseph or Jose. He was eight or nine years older than
our Saviour. We cannot doubt but he was an early follower of Christ, as
his father and mother and three brothers were, and an exception to that
of St. John,[2] that our Lord's relations did not believe in him. Nor
does St. Luke[3] leave us any room to doubt but that he received the
Holy Ghost on the day of Pentecost, with the blessed Virgin and the
apostles; for he mentions present St. James and St. Jude, and the
brothers of our Lord. St. Epiphanius relates,[4] that when the Jews
massacred St. James the Lesser, his brother Simeon reproached them for
their atrocious cruelty. St. James, bishop of Jerusalem, being put to
death in the year 62, twenty-nine years after our Saviour's
resurrection, the apostles and disciples met at Jerusalem to appoint him
a successor. They unanimously chose St. Simeon, who had probably before
assisted his brother in the government of that church.

In the year 66, in which SS. Peter and Paul suffered martyrdom at Rome,
the civil war began in Judea, by the seditions of the Jews against the
Romans. The Christians in Jerusalem were warned by God of the impending
destruction of that city, and by a divine revelation[5] commanded to
leave it, as Lot was rescued out of Sodom. They therefore departed out
of it the same year, before Vespasian, Nero's general, and afterward
emperor, entered Judaea, and retired beyond Jordan to a small city called
Pella; having St. Simeon at their head. After the taking and burning of
Jerusalem they returned thither again, and settled themselves amidst its
{428} ruins, till Adrian afterwards entirely razed it. St. Epiphanius[6]
and Eusebius[7] assure us, that the church here flourished extremely,
and that multitudes of Jews were converted by the great number of
prodigies and miracles wrought in it.

St. Simeon, amidst the consolations of the Holy Ghost and the great
progress of the church, had the affliction to see two heresies arise
within its bosom, namely, those of the Nazareans and the Ebionites; the
first seeds of which, according to St. Epiphanius, appeared at Pella.
The