ities, not only to supply the earl's table, but also to
yield a profit by their sale. The vegetables cultivated in this garden
were beans, onions, garlic, leeks, and others." Vines were also grown,
and their cuttings sold.]

[Footnote 68: This is, however, an error. Mr. Turner, in the paper
quoted, p. 154, says, "It may fairly be presumed that the cherry was
well known at the period of the Conquest, and at every subsequent time.
It is mentioned by Necham in the twelfth century, and was cultivated in
the Earl of Lincoln's garden in the thirteenth."]

[Footnote 69: The _quince_ comes from Sydon, a town of Crete, we are
told by Le Grand, in his Vie privee des Francois, vol. i. p. 143; where
may be found a list of the origin of most of our fruits.]

[Footnote 70: Peacham has here given a note. "_The filbert_, so named of
_Philibert_, a king of France, who caused by arte sundry kinds to be
brought forth: as did a gardener of Otranto in Italie by
cloue-gilliflowers, and carnations of such colours as we now see them."]

[Footnote 71: The queen-apple was probably thus distinguished in
compliment to Elizabeth. In Moffet's "Health's Improvement," I find an
account of apples which are said to have been "graffed upon a
mulberry-stock, and then wax thorough red as our queen-apples, called by
Ruellius, _Rubelliana_, and _Claudiana_ by Pliny." I am told the race is
not extinct; but though an apple of this description may yet be found,
it seems to have sadly degenerated.]

[Footnote 72: The Court of Wards was founded in the right accorded to
the king from the earliest time, to act as guardian to all minors who
were the children of his own tenants, or of those who did the sovereign
knightly service. They were in the same position, consequently, as the
Chancery Wards of the present day; but much complaint being made of the
private management of themselves and their estates by the persons who
acted as their guardians, and who were responsible only to the king's
exchequer, King Henry VIII., in the thirty-second year of his reign,
founded "the Court of Wards" in Westminster Hall, as an open court of
trial or appeal, for all persons under its jurisdiction. In the
following year, a court of "liveries" was added to it; and it was always
afterwards known as the "Court of Wards and Liveries." By "liveries" is
meant, in old legal phraseology, "the delivery of seisin to the heir of
the king's tenant in ward, upon suing for it at full age," the