um jacet, sese
erigere videbatur, et montis subito nascentis figuram imitari.
Eo ipso die hora noctis II., iste terrae cumulus, aperto veluti
ore, magno cum fremitu, magnos ignes evomuit; pumicesque, et
lapides, cineresque."--Porzio, Opera Omnis, Medica, Phil., et
Mathemat., in unum collecta, 1736, cited by Dufranoy, Mam.
pour servir a une Description Gaologique de la France, tom.
iv. p. 274.

[507] See Neues Jahr Buch for 1846, and a translation in the
Quarterly Journ. of the Geol. Soc. for 1847, vol iii. p. 20,
Memoirs.

[508] Mem. Roy. Acad. Nap. 1849.

[509] "Verum quod omnem superat admirationem, mons circum eam
voraginem ex pummicibus et cincere plusquam mille passuum
altitudine una nocte congestus aspicitur."

[510] Mam. de la Soc. Gaol. de France, tom. ii. p. 91.

[511] Dufranoy, Mem. pour servir, &c. p. 277.

[512] Darwin's Volcanic Islands, 106, note.

[513] Geology of the American Exploring Expedition, in
1838-1842, p. 354.

[514] Ibid. p. 328.

[515] See chap. 29.

[516] Hamilton (writing in 1770) says, "the new mountain
produces as yet but a very slender vegetation."--Campi
Phlegraei, p. 69. This remark was no longer applicable when I
saw it, in 1828.

[517] Hamilton's Campi Phlegraei, folio, vol. i. p. 62; and
Brieslak, Campanie, tome i. p. 186.

[518] Account of the Eruption of Vesuvius in October, 1822, by
G. P. Scrope, Esq., Journ. of Sci. &c. vol. xv. p. 175.

[519] Mr. Forbes, Account of Mount Vesuvius, Edin. Journ. of
Sci. No. xviii. p. 195. Oct. 1828.

[520] Ibid. p. 194.

[521] Monticelli and Covelli, Storia di Fenon. del Vesuv. en
1821-23.

[522] Campi Phlegraei.

[523] Otter's Life of Dr. Clarke.

[524] Phil. Trans. 1846, p. 154.

[525] Ibid. p. 148.

[526] Ibid. p. 241.

[527] Bulletin de la Soc. Gaol. de France, tom. vii. p. 43;
and Illustrations of Vesuvius and Etna, p. 3.

[528] Geognost. Beobachtungen, &c., p. 182. Berlin, 1839.

[529] Von Buch, Descrip. Phys. des Iles Canaries, p. 342.
Paris, 1836.

[530] Vues Illust. de Phanom. Gaol. Observ. sur le Vasuve et
l'Etna. Berlin, 1837.

[531] Ibid. p. 2.

[532] 2d edit. 1848, p. 216.

[533] So called from travellers leaving their horses and mules
there when they prepare to