fils,--
Deep in the leafage the cuckoo cried,
Perch'd on a spray by a rivulet-side,
"Swallows, O Swallows, come back again
To swoop and herald the April rain."

And something awoke in the slumbering heart
Of the alien birds in their African air,
And they paused, and alighted, and twitter'd apart,
And met in the broad white dreamy square;
And the sad slave-woman, who lifted up
From the fountain her broad-lipp'd earthen cup,
Said to herself, with a weary sigh,
"To-morrow the swallows will northward fly!"

--_Edmund William Gosse_

How does the vocal expression of the descriptive parts
of the poem differ from that of the call of the birds?
Account for the difference. (Introduction, p. 22.)

Point out the contrasts of thought and feeling in the
third and fourth stanzas respectively. Show a
corresponding contrast in vocal expression.

What line expresses the central idea of the fifth
stanza? How is this shown? (Introduction, p. 33.)

Account for the Pitch and the Force used in the
slave-woman's speech.

Supply a background of thought for the last four lines.
How does this affect the Time? (Introduction, p. 14.)

* * * * *

BARBARA FRIETCHIE

Up from the meadows rich with corn,
Clear in the cool September morn,

The clustered spires of Frederick stand
Green walled by the hills of Maryland.

Round about them orchards sweep, 5
Apple-and peach-tree fruited deep,--

Fair as a garden of the Lord
To the eye of the famished rebel horde,

On that pleasant morn of the early fall
When Lee march'd over the mountain-wall,-- 10

Over the mountains winding down,
Horse and foot, into Frederick town.

Forty flags with their silver stars,
Forty flags with their crimson bars,

Flapped in the morning wind: the sun 15
Of noon looked down, and saw not one.

Up rose old Barbara Frietchie then,
Bowed with her fourscore years and ten;

Bravest of all in Frederick town,
She took up the flag the men hauled down; 20

In her attic window the staff she set,
To show that one heart was loyal yet.

Up the street came the rebel tread,
Stonewall Jackson riding ahead.

Under his slouched hat left and right 25
He glanced; the old f