hort of a legally binding "code of conduct" desired by
several of the disputants; Philippines retains a dormant claim to
Malaysia's Sabah State in northern Borneo based on the Sultanate of
Sulu's granting the Philippines Government power of attorney to
pursue a sovereignty claim

Pitcairn Islands
none

Poland
none

Portugal
some Portuguese groups assert dormant claims to territories
ceded to Spain around the town of Olivenza

Puerto Rico
none

Qatar
none

Reunion
none

Romania
has not resolved claims to Ukrainian-administered Zmyinyy
(Snake) Island and Black Sea maritime boundary despite ongoing talks
based on 1997 friendship treaty to find a solution in two years;
Hungary amended status law extending special social and cultural
benefits to ethnic Hungarians in Romania, who had objected to the law

Russia
China and Russia in 2004 resolved their last border dispute
over islands in the Amur and Argun Rivers, but details on
demarcation have not yet been worked-out; the sovereignty dispute
over the islands of Etorofu, Kunashiri, Shikotan, and the Habomai
group known in Japan as the "Northern Territories" and in Russia as
the "Southern Kurils," occupied by the Soviet Union in 1945, now
administered by Russia, and claimed by Japan, remains the primary
sticking point to signing a peace treaty formally ending World War
II hostilities; about a third of the boundary with Georgia remains
undelimited and none of it demarcated with several small, strategic
segments remaining in dispute; OSCE observers monitor volatile areas
such as the Pankisi Gorge in the Akhmeti region and the Kodori Gorge
in Abkhazia; equidistant seabed treaties have been signed with
Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan in the Caspian Sea but no consensus on
dividing the water column among the littoral states; Russia and
Norway dispute their maritime limits in the Barents Sea and Russia's
fishing rights beyond Svalbard's territorial limits within the
Svalbard Treaty zone; Russia continues to reject signing and
ratifying the joint 1996 technical border agreement with Estonia;
the Russian Parliament refuses to consider ratification of the
boundary treaties with Estonia and Latvia, but in May 2003, ratified
land and maritime boundary treaty with Lithuania, which ratified the
1997 treaty in 1999, legalizing limits of former Soviet republic
borders; a simplified transit regime was