e ambulatory type appears to be early, and the examples in
Constantinople seem to date from the sixth to the ninth century. It may
therefore be concluded that, unless there is proof to the contrary, the
south church is the earlier. In that case the southernmost parts of the
two large piers which separate the two churches represent the old outer
wall of the original south church, whose eastern chapels were then
symmetrical. To this the north church was added, but at some subsequent
date the apses of the south church demanded repair and when they were
rebuilt, the north-eastern chapel was enlarged by the cutting away of
the old outer wall. To this period also belongs the present inner
narthex. The fact that the head of the terminal niche at the south end
of the north narthex remains above the communicating door shows that the
south narthex is later. The outer narthex and south gallery are a still
later addition.

[Illustration: FIG. 43.]

[Illustration: FIG. 44.]

[Illustration: FIGS. 45 AND 46.]

[179] _Ancient and Modern C.P._ pp. 70, 79.

[180] Pp. 322, 325.

[181] To Muehlmann and Mordtmann, _Esq. top._ paragraph 127, belongs
the credit of the identification of Phenere Isa Mesjedi with the
monastery of Lips. But I have not seen any full statement of their
reasons for that opinion.

[182] _Itin. russes_, p. 202.

[183] _Ibid._ p. 119.

[184] _Ibid._ p. 162.

[185] _Ibid._ p. 230.

[186] _Ibid._ p. 205.

[187] Phrantzes, pp. 141; _Itin. russes_, pp. 205, 122, 234.

[188] i. p. 455; ii. p. 19.

[189] i. p. 160.

[190] Theoph. Cont. p. 371.

[191] Page 141.

[192] _Itin. russes_, pp. 205, 234.

[193] _Ibid._ p. 234.

[194] _Ibid._ p. 122.

[195] Du Cange, iv. p. 93, quoting the Life of Nicholas of the
Studion. The district was named [Greek: Merdosagare], Leo Gramm. p.
280.

[196] Theoph. Cont. p. 371.

[197] See inscription, p. 131.

[198] Codinus, _De officiis_, p. 80.

[199] Du Cange, iv. p. 93.

[200] Const. Porphyr. _De adm. imp._ c. 43.

[201] Theoph. Cont. p. 384.

[202] Const. Porphyr. _ut supra_.

[203] Theoph. Cont. p. 389.

[204] _Ibid._ p. 371.

[205] Banduri, iii. p. 52.

[206] _Ut supra_.

[207] Niceph. Greg. i. p. 162.

[208] Pachym. i. p. 378.

[209] _Ibid._ p. 425.

[210] Niceph. Greg. i. p. 461.

[211] Cantacuz. i. p. 193.

[212] Phrantzes, p. 110.

[213] _Ibid._ p. 141.

[214] Paspates, p. 325.

CHAPTER VII

THE CHURCH OF THE TH