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flower-stem of an annual plant, not a grass, as of a primrose or dandelion 147 VII. THE FILUM.--The running stem of a creeping plant /# It is not specified in the text for use; but will be necessary; so also, perhaps, the Stelechos, or stalk proper (26), the branched stem of an annual plant, not a grass; one cannot well talk of the Virga of hemlock. The 'Stolon' is explained in its classical sense at page 158, but I believe botanists use it otherwise. I shall have occasion to refer to, and complete its explanation, in speaking of bulbous plants. #/ VIII. THE CAUDEX.--The essentially ligneous and compact part of a stem 149 {243} /# This equivocal word is not specified for use in the text, but I mean to keep it for the accumulated stems of inlaid plants, palms, and the like; for which otherwise we have no separate term. #/ IX. THE AVENA.--Not specified in the text at all; but it will be prettier than 'baculus,' which is that I had proposed, for the 'staff' of grasses. See page 179. /# These ten names are all that the student need remember; but he will find some interesting particulars respecting the following three, noticed in the text:--- #/ STIPS.--The origin of stipend, stupid, and stump 148 STIPULA.--The subtlest Latin term for straw 148 CAULIS (Kale).--The peculiar stem of branched eatable vegetables 149 CANNA.--Not noticed in the text; but likely to be sometimes useful for the stronger stems of grasses. III. THE LEAF. Derivation of word 26 The Latin form 'folium' 41 The Greek form 'petalos' 42 Veins and ribs of leaves, to be usually summed under the term 'rib' 44 Chemistry of leaves 46 {244} /# The nomenclature of the leaf consists, in botanical books, of little more than barbarous, and, for the general reader, totally useless attempts to describe their forms in Latin. But their forms are infinite and indescribable except by the pencil. I will give central types of form in the next volume of Proserpina; which, s
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