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TEM. Derivation of word 137 The channel of communication between leaf and root 153 In a perfect plant it consists of three parts: I. THE STEM (STEMMA) proper.--A growing or advancing shoot which sustains all the other organs of the plant 136 It may grow by adding thickness to its sides without advancing; but its essential characteristic is the vital power of Advance 136 {241} It may be round, square, or polygonal, but is always roundly minded 136 Its structural power is Spiral 137 It is essentially branched; having subordinate leaf-stalks and flower-stalks, if not larger branches 139 It developes the buds, leaves, and flowers of the plant. This power is not yet properly defined, or explained; and referred to only incidentally throughout the eighth chapter 134-138 II. THE LEAF-STALK (CYMBA) sustains, and expands itself into, the Leaf 133, 134 It is essentially furrowed above, and convex below 134 It is to be called in Latin, the Cymba; in English, the Leaf-Stalk 135 III. THE FLOWER-STALK (PETIOLUS): It is essentially round 130 It is usually separated distinctly at its termination from the flower 130, 131 It is to be called in Latin, Petiolus; in English, Flower-stalk 130 These three are the essential parts of a stem. But {242} besides these, it has, when largely developed, a permanent form: namely, IV. THE TRUNK.--A non-advancing mass of collected stem, arrested at a given height from the ground 139 /# The stems of annual plants are either leafy, as of a thistle, or bare, sustaining the flower or flower-cluster at a certain height above the ground. Receiving therefore these following names:--- #/ V. THE VIRGA.--The leafy stem of an annual plant, not a grass, yet growing upright 147 VI. THE VIRGULA.--The leafless
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