e south of France, became, and
long continued, the chief seats of Roman civilization among the Gauls;
which is marked by the magnificent remains of ancient art still to be
seen. Arles, in particular, is a place of great interest.]

[Footnote 299: A.U.C. 710.]

[Footnote 300: A.U.C. 713.]

[Footnote 301: A.U.C. 712. Before Christ about 39.]

[Footnote 302: A.U.C. 744.]

[Footnote 303: A.U.C. 735.]

[Footnote 304: See before, in the reign of AUGUSTUS, c. xxxii.]

[Footnote 305: A.U.C. 728.]

[Footnote 306: A.U.C. 734.]

[Footnote 307: A.U.C. 737.]

[Footnote 308: A.U.C. 741.]

[Footnote 309: A.U.C. 747.]

[Footnote 310: A.U.C. 748.]

[Footnote 311: Ostia, at the mouth of the Tiber, about thirteen miles
from the city, was founded by Ancus Martius. Being the port of a city
like Rome, it could not fail to become opulent; and it was a place of much
resort, ornamented with fine edifices, and the environs "never failing of
pasture in the summer time, and in the winter covered with roses and other
flowers." The port having been filled up with the depositions of the
Tiber, it became deserted, and is now abandoned to misery and malaria. The
bishopric of Ostia being the oldest in the Roman church, its bishop has
always retained some peculiar privileges.]

[Footnote 312: The Gymnasia were places of exercise, and received their
name from the Greek word signifying naked, because the contending parties
wore nothing but drawers.]

[Footnote 313: A.U.C. 752.]

[Footnote 314: The cloak and slippers, as distinguished from the Roman
toga and shoes.]

[Footnote 315: A.U.C. 755.]

[Footnote 316: This fountain, in the Euganian hills, near Padua, famous
for its mineral waters, is celebrated by Claudian in one of his elegies.]

[Footnote 317: The street called Carinae, at Rome, has been mentioned
before; AUGUSTUS, c. v.; and also Mecaenas' house on the Esquiline, ib. c.
lxxii. The gardens were formed on ground without the walls, and before
used as a cemetery for malefactors, and the lower classes. Horace says--

Nunc licet Esquiliis habitare salubribus, atque
Aggere in aprico spatiari.--Sat. 1. i. viii. 13.]

[Footnote 318: A.U.C. 757.]

[Footnote 319: A.U.C. 760.]

[Footnote 320: A.U.C. 762.]

[Footnote 321: Reviving the simple habits of the times of the republic;
"nec fortuitum cernere cespitem," as Horace describes it.--Ode 15.]

[Footnote 322: A.U.C. 765.]

[Footnote 323: