spread out on the leaves of the pepper plant in order to free it from
the hairs that have become detached from the pouch. On the Malabar coast
this species is replaced by _V. civettina_. The small Indian civet or
rasse (_Viverricula malaccensis_) ranges from Madagascar through India
to China, the Malay Peninsula, and the islands of the Archipelago. It is
almost 3 ft. long including the tail, and prettily marked with dark
longitudinal stripes, and spots which have a distinctly linear
arrangement. The perfume, which is extracted in the same way as in the
two preceding species, is highly valued and much used by the Javanese.
Although this animal is said to be an expert climber it usually inhabits
holes in the ground. It is frequently kept in captivity in the East, and
becomes tame. Fossil remains of extinct civets are found in the Miocene
strata of Europe.

CIVIDALE DEL FRIULI (anc. _Forum Iulii_), a town of Venetia, Italy, in
the province of Udine, 10 m. E. by N. by rail from the town of Udine;
453 ft. above sea-level. Pop. (1001) town, 4143; commune, 9061. It is
situated on the river Natisone, which forms a picturesque ravine here.
It contains some interesting relics of the art of the 8th century. The
cathedral of the 15th century contains an octagonal marble canopy with
sculptures in relief, with a font below it belonging to the 8th century,
but altered later. The high altar has a fine silver altar front of 1185.
The museum contains various Roman and Lombard antiquities, and valuable
MSS. and works of art in gold, silver and ivory formerly belonging to
the cathedral chapter. The small church of S. Maria in Valle belongs to
the 8th century, and contains fine decorations in stucco which probably
belong to the 11th or 12th century. The fine 15th-century Ponte del
Diavolo leads to the church of S. Martino, which contains an altar of
the 8th century with reliefs executed by order of the Lombard king
Ratchis. At Cividale were born Paulus Diaconus, the historian of the
Lombards in the time of Charlemagne, and the actress Adelaide Ristori
(1822-1906).

The Roman town (a _municipium_) of Forum Iulii was founded either by
Julius Caesar or by Augustus, no doubt at the same time as the
construction of the Via Iulia Augusta, which passed through Utina
(Udine) on its way north. After the decay of Aquileia and Iulium
Carnicum (Zuglio) it became the chief town of the district of Friuli and
gave its name to it. The patriarchs o