who within a given time should prosecute their claims.
He then intrusted his son Albert with the administration, convoked, on
August 9, 1281, a diet at Nuremberg, at which he presided in person,
and obtained a decree annulling all the acts and deeds of Richard of
Cornwall and his predecessors, since the deposition of Frederick II,
except such as had been approved by a majority of the electors. In
consequence of this decree another was passed specifically
in-validating the investiture of the Austrian provinces, which in 1262
was obtained from Richard of Cornwall by Ottocar.

Carinthia having been unjustly occupied by Ottocar, in contradiction
to the rights of Philip, Archbishop of Salzburg, brother of Ulric, the
last duke, the claims of Philip were acknowledged by Rudolph, and he
took his seat at the Diet of Augsburg as Duke of Carinthia. On the
conquest of that duchy he petitioned for the investiture, but Rudolph
delayed complying with his request under various pretences, and,
Philip dying without issue in 1279, the duchy escheated to the empire
as a vacant fief.

Rudolph, being at length in peaceable possession of these territories,
gradually obtained the consent of the electors, and at the Diet of
Augsburg, in December, 1282, conferred jointly on his two sons, Albert
and Rudolph, Austria, Styria, Carinthia, and Carniola. But at their
desire he afterward resumed Carinthia, and bestowed it on Meinhard of
Tyrol, to whom he had secretly promised a reward for his services, and
in 1286 obtained the consent of the electors to this donation. By the
request of the states of Austria (1283), he declared that duchy and
Styria an inalienable and indivisible domain to be held on the same
terms, and with the same rights and privileges, as possessed by the
ancient dukes, Leopold and Frederick the Warlike, and vested the sole
administration in Albert, assigning a specific revenue to Rudolph and
his heirs, if he did not obtain another sovereignty within the space
of four years.

EDWARD I CONQUERS WALES

A.D. 1277

CHARLES H. PEARSON

Up to the time of Edward I, Wales, which had been partially
subdued by Henry I, was a source of continual disturbance to
the English kingdom. Long before the accession of Edward,
the greater part of Welsh territory was parcelled out into
little English principalities. Under John and Henry III,
Llewelyn the Great, Prince of Wales, maintained his
independence