ard palisaded their house about,
and fortified themselves better."

Van Twiller, informed of this intrusion, sent a commissioner,
protesting against this conduct and ordering Holmes to depart, with
all his people. Holmes replied, "I am here in the name of the king of
England, and here I shall remain."

Matters soon became seriously complicated. A boat's crew was robbed
and murdered by some vagabond Indians. The culprits were taken and
hung.

This exasperated against the Dutch the powerful Pequods who had the
supremacy over all that territory. Open war soon ensued. The Pequods
sent an embassy to Boston, and entered into a treaty of alliance with
the Massachusetts colony, in which they surrendered to that colony the
Connecticut valley.

In the meantime, Van Twiller having received instructions from the
home government, dispatched a force of seventy well armed men to drive
Lieutenant Holmes and his men from their post. The English stood
firmly upon their defence. The Dutch, seeing that a bloody battle must
ensue, with uncertain results, withdrew without offering any violence.
In many respects the Dutch colonies continued to enjoy much
prosperity. Mr. Brodhead gives the following interesting account of
the state of affairs at the mouth of the Hudson, in the year 1633:

"Fort Amsterdam, which had become dilapidated, was repaired,
and a guard-house and a barrack for the newly arrived
soldiers were constructed within the ramparts, at a cost of
several thousand guilders.

"Three expensive windmills were also erected. But they were
injudiciously placed so near the fort that the buildings,
within its walls, frequently intercepted and turned off the
south wind.

"Several brick and frame houses were built for the Director
and his officers. On the Company's farm, north of the fort,
a dwelling-house, brewery, boat-house and barn were erected.
Other smaller houses were built for the corporal, the smith,
the cooper. The loft, in which the people had worshipped
since 1626, was now replaced by a plain wooden building,
like a barn, situated on the East River, in what is now
Broad street, between Pearl and Bridge streets. Near this
old church a dwelling-house and stable were erected for the
use of the Domine. In the Fatherland the title of Domine was
familiarly given to clergymen. The phrase crossed the
Atlantic with Bogardus