to the Governor:

"We are unable to discover in the whole remonstrance one
single point to justify complaint. You ought to have acted
with more vigor against the ringleaders of the gang, and not
to have condescended to answer protests with protests. It is
therefore our express command that you punish what has
occurred as it deserves, so that others may be deterred in
future, from following such examples."

To the citizens they wrote,

"We enjoin it upon you that you conduct yourselves quietly
and peaceably, submit yourselves to the government placed
over you, and in no wise allow yourselves to hold particular
convention with the English or others, in matters of form or
deliberation on affairs of state, which do not appertain to
you, or attempt any alteration in the state and its
government."

A ferry was established to convey passengers from one side of the
river to the other. The licensed ferryman was bound to keep suitable
boats and also a lodge on each side of the river to protect passengers
from the weather. The toll established by law, was for a wagon and two
horses one dollar; for a wagon and one horse eighty cents; a savage,
male or female, thirty cents; each other person fifteen cents.

When Stuyvesant was preparing to defend New Netherland from the
English, he encountered another great annoyance. It will be remembered
that the Swedish government claimed the territory on the South, or
Delaware river, upon which the Dutch governor had erected Fort
Casimir. Gerrit Bikker was in command of the fort, with a garrison of
twelve men. On the morning of the first of June, 1654, a strange sail
was seen in the offing. A small party was sent out in a boat, to
reconnoitre. They returned with the tidings that it was a Swedish ship
full of people, with a new governor; and that they had come to take
possession of the place, affirming that the fort was on land belonging
to the Swedish government.

Bikker with his small garrison, and almost destitute of ammunition,
could make no resistance. Twenty or thirty soldiers landed from the
Swedish ship, entered the open gate of the fort and took possession of
the place. John Rising the commander of the ship, stated that he was
obeying the orders of his government; that the territory belonged to
Sweden, and that neither the States-General of the Netherlands nor the
West India Company had authorized Governor Stu