y
informed, in a few words, that I believed my wearing it was not in my
own will."

1. _Representative American Orations_. Edited by Alexander Johnston.
New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons. 1884.

2. _The Federalist_. New York: Charles Scribner. 1863.

3. _Notes on Virginia_. By Thomas Jefferson. Boston. 1829.

4. _Travels in New England and New York_. By Timothy Dwight. New
Haven. 1821.

5. _McFingal_: in Trumbull's Poetical Works. Hartford. 1820.

6. Joel Barlow's _Hasty Pudding_. Francis Hopkinson's _Modern
Learning_. Philip Freneau's _Indian Student_, _Indian Burying-Ground_,
and _White Honeysuckle_: in Vol. I of Duyckinck's _Cyclopedia of
American Literature_. New York: Charles Scribner. 1866.

7. _Arthur Mervyn_. By Charles Brockden Brown. Boston: S. G.
Goodrich. 1827.

8. _The Journal of John Woolman_. With an Introduction by John G.
Whittier. Boston: James R. Osgood & Co. 1871.

9. _American Literature_. By Charles F. Richardson. New York: G. P.
Putnam's Sons. 1887.

10. _American Literature_. By John Nichol. Edinburgh: Adam & Charles
Black. 1882.

CHAPTER III.

THE ERA OF NATIONAL EXPANSION.

1815-1837.

The attempt to preserve a strictly chronological order must here be
abandoned. About all the American literature in existence that is of
any value as _literature_ is the product of the past three quarters of
a century, and the men who produced it, though older or younger, were
still contemporaries. Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_,
1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the
venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four
years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers
that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs. Bryant,
whose _Thanatopsis_ was printed in 1816, lived down to 1878. He saw
the beginnings of our national literature, and he saw almost as much of
the latest phase of it as we see to-day in this year 1891. Still, even
within the limits of a single life-time, there have been progress and
change. And so, while it will happen that the consideration of
writers, a part of whose work falls between the dates at the head of
this chapter, may be postponed to subsequent chapters, we may in a
general way follow the sequence of time.

The period between the close of the second war with England, in 1815,
and the great financial crash of 1837, has been called, i