Shall you (We shall)
Will he (He will) Will they (They will)
Volition, etc.
---- ---- ---- ----
Will you (I will) Will you (We will)
Shall he (He shall) Shall he (He shall)
In all other cases, as in subordinate clauses _shall_ is used in all
persons to express mere futurity, _will_ to express volition, etc.
In indirect discourse, when the subject of the principal clause is
different from the noun clause, the usage is like that in direct
statement, for example,
The teacher says that James will win the medal. (futurity),
but when the subject of the principal clause is the same as that of the
noun clause, the usage is like that in subordinate clauses,
The teacher says that he shall soon resign. (futurity).
Exceptions. _Will_ is often used in the second person to express an
official command.
You will report to the superintendent at once.
_Shall_ is sometimes used in the second and third persons in a prophetic
sense.
Ye shall know the truth and the truth shall make you free.
The use of _should_ and _would_ is in general the same as that of
_shall_ and _will_ in indirect statement.
Futurity.
I should We would
You would You should
He would They should
In asking questions use _should_ in the first person to express mere
futurity and _would_ to express volition, etc; in the second and third
persons use the form that is expected in the answer.
Futurity
Should I (I should) Should we (We should)
Should You (I should) Should You (We should)
Would he (He would) Would they (They would)
Volition, etc.
Would I (I would) Would we (We would)
Would You (You would) Would You (We would)
Should he (He should) Should they (They should)
In subordinate clauses _should_ is used in all persons to express
futurity, _would_ to express volition, etc.
In indirect discourse the usage is similar to that in direct statement.
The teacher said that John would win the medal.
Exceptions. _Should_ is often used to express moral obligation.
You should be honest under all conditions.
_Would_ is sometimes used to express frequentive action.
He would walk the floor night after night.
Mistakes are often made in the use of compound tenses on account of
failure to grasp the meaning of
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